如何让中国茶叶远销世界？茶叶出口完整指南
茶是世界三大饮料之一，茶文化在中国有着上千年的渊源流传，中国也是世界主要产茶区。随着我国“一带一路”倡议的提出，中国茶叶沿着“茶船古道”远销至世界各国。今天，就带大家了解茶叶出口的相关知识。
Tea is one of the world's top three beverages, with a tea culture that has been passed down in China for thousands of years. China is also a major tea-producing region globally. With the proposal of China's "Belt and Road" initiative, Chinese tea has been exported worldwide along the "Ancient Tea Horse Road". Today, we will explore the knowledge related to tea export.
要想让中国茶乘风破浪，远销海外，首先必须了解我国关于茶叶出口的资质要求和国外技术性贸易措施。
To help Chinese tea ride the waves and reach overseas markets, it's essential to first understand China's qualification requirements for tea export and foreign technical trade measures.
[出口茶叶企业需要取得哪些资质？]
[What qualifications are required for tea export enterprises?]
01 出口茶叶原料种植场备案
01 Registration of tea raw material planting bases for export
办理方式：申请人通过登录"互联网+海关"一体化网上办事平台网上办理。
Application method: Applicants can apply online through the "Internet + Customs" integrated online service platform.
网址：http://online.customs.gov.cn
02 出口食品生产企业备案
02 Registration of food production enterprises for export
办理方式：申请人通过网上平台办理。
Application method: Applicants can apply through online platforms.
入口一：互联网+海关一体化网上办事平台
Entry 1: "Internet + Customs" integrated online service platform
地址：http://online.customs.gov.cn
入口二：中国出口食品生产企业备案管理系统
Entry 2: China Export Food Production Enterprise Registration Management System
地址：http://qgs.customs.gov.cn:10080/efpe
[国内外茶叶农残标准差异对比]
[Comparison of pesticide residue standards for tea between China and other countries]
目前世界各国对茶叶的技术性贸易措施主要体现在农残指标上。
Currently, technical trade measures for tea worldwide mainly focus on pesticide residue indicators.
什么是农残？
What are pesticide residues?
农药残留，是农药使用后一定时期内没有被分解而残留于生物体、收获物、土壤、水体、大气中的微量农药原体、有毒代谢物、降解物和杂质的总称。
Pesticide residues refer to trace amounts of pesticide prototypes, toxic metabolites, degradation products and impurities that remain in organisms, harvested products, soil, water and atmosphere within a certain period after pesticide application.
为什么要关注农残？
Why pay attention to pesticide residues?
在茶叶国际贸易中，农药残留作为必要的检测指标，是最高级别的技术性贸易措施之一。
In international tea trade, pesticide residue testing as a necessary inspection indicator represents one of the highest-level technical trade measures.
目前，我国对农残要求的主要依据《食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB2763)，其中茶叶上规定的农药限量标准共计65项，主要涵盖杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、杀螨剂等。
Currently, China's pesticide residue requirements are mainly based on "Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food" (GB2763), which specifies 65 pesticide limit standards for tea, mainly covering insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, acaricides, etc.
中国与主要国家或地区茶叶农残标准情况对比
Comparison of tea pesticide residue standards between China and major countries/regions
01 中国与CAC标准异同
01 Differences between China and CAC standards
国际食品法典委员会(CAC)，是FAO和 WHO共同建立的协调各成员国食品法规、技术标准的唯一政府间国际机构，我国为CAC成员国。
The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) is the only intergovernmental international organization jointly established by FAO and WHO to coordinate food regulations and technical standards among member states. China is a CAC member.
02 中国与欧盟标准异同
02 Differences between China and EU standards
欧盟已制定食品中农药最大残留限量指标3万多项，其中针对茶叶的陆续增长至486项，数量是我国茶叶农残限量指标的7.5倍。欧盟标准是目前世界上最严格的茶叶农药MＲLs标准。
The EU has established over 30,000 maximum residue limits for pesticides in food, including 486 for tea - 7.5 times China's tea pesticide residue limit indicators. The EU standard is currently the world's strictest tea pesticide MRL standard.
03 中国与日本标准异同
03 Differences between China and Japan standards
日本也是世界上对茶叶农残限量最严格的国家之一，使用的农药 MＲLs 标准是《食品中残留农业化学品肯定列表制度》(PLS)，涉及800多种农药、兽药、食品添加剂等，制定了最大残留限量指标5万多种，其中涉及茶叶的检测项目有255项。
Japan is also one of the countries with the strictest tea pesticide residue limits worldwide. Its pesticide MRL standard is the "Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues in Food" (PLS), covering over 800 pesticides, veterinary drugs, food additives, etc., with more than 50,000 maximum residue limits established, including 255 testing items for tea.
04 中国与摩洛哥标准异同
04 Differences between China and Morocco standards
摩洛哥是我国绿茶的最大出口国。2019年7月1日，摩洛哥国家食品安全局(ONSSA)开始对自我国进口的茶叶实施新的农药MＲLs标准，涉及47种农药MＲLs，基本参照 CAC、欧盟标准。
Morocco is the largest export market for Chinese green tea. On July 1, 2019, Morocco's National Food Safety Authority (ONSSA) began implementing new pesticide MRL standards for tea imported from China, involving 47 pesticide MRLs, mainly referencing CAC and EU standards.
05 中国与美国标准异同
05 Differences between China and US standards
美国的茶叶农残标准总体来说比我国宽松，规定了茶叶中36种农药的MＲLs。
The US tea pesticide residue standards are generally more lenient than China's, specifying MRLs for 36 pesticides in tea.
06 其他国家
06 Other countries
澳大利亚茶叶农药限量指标对未作规定的农药执行一律不得检出原则。
Australia's tea pesticide limit indicators follow the principle of non-detection for unspecified pesticides.
韩国目前规定了茶叶中39种农药的MＲLs。我国和韩国都有MＲLs要求的农药有12种。
South Korea currently specifies MRLs for 39 pesticides in tea. There are 12 pesticides with MRL requirements in both China and South Korea.
（来源：12360海关热线）
(Source: 12360 Customs Hotline)
