The in membership operator checks if a given value is part of a collection of values. Here's an example with range() function:

>>> num = 5  # checks if num is present among the integers 3 or 4 or 5 >>> num in range(3, 6) True

Instead of a series of == comparisons combined with the or boolean operator, you can utilize the in operator.

>>> pet = 'cat'  # instead of doing this >>> pet == 'bat' or pet == 'cat' or pet == 'dog' True  # use the membership operator >>> pet in ('bat', 'cat', 'dog') True

When applied to strings, the in operator performs substring comparison.

>>> fruit = 'mango'  >>> 'an' in fruit True >>> 'at' in fruit False

To invert the membership test, use the not in operator.

>>> pet = 'parrot'  >>> pet in ('bat', 'cat', 'dog') False >>> pet not in ('bat', 'cat', 'dog') True

Video demo:


info See docs.python: Membership test operations for documentation. See also my 100 Page Python Intro ebook.