纺织服装外贸订单回流国内 企业如何应对利润下滑挑战？
南方财经全媒体记者 程浩 东莞报道
Southern Finance Omnimedia Reporter Cheng Hao, Dongguan Report
进入8月，东莞升丽针织有限公司总经理秦淑军一直忙着订购原料、调配产线产能。近一个月来，受孟加拉国动荡局势影响，升丽针织孟加拉工厂已停止生产，订单逐步回流国内，"经过这一层流转，成本变高了，生产周期长了，利润比以前更低，我们也只能想尽办法完成订单"。
In August, Qin Shujun, general manager of Dongguan Shengli Knitting Co., Ltd., has been busy ordering raw materials and adjusting production line capacity. Over the past month, affected by the turbulent situation in Bangladesh, Shengli Knitting's factory in Bangladesh has ceased production, and orders have gradually returned to China. "After this transfer, costs have increased, production cycles have lengthened, and profits are lower than before. We can only try our best to complete the orders."
中国纺织品进出口商会7日发布的数据显示，今年1-7月，中国纺织服装累计出口同比增长1.1%，其中纺织品出口增长3.3%，服装出口下降0.8%。
Data released by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Textiles on the 7th shows that from January to July this year, China's cumulative textile and apparel exports increased by 1.1% year-on-year, with textile exports growing by 3.3% and apparel exports declining by 0.8%.
订单回流国内但利润承压
Orders Return to China but Profits Under Pressure
纺织服装业是东莞的支柱产业之一，规模超千亿元。作为典型的外向型城市，今年，东莞纺织服装业外贸订单情况如何？日前，南方财经全媒体记者走访多家纺织服装企业，通过一线调研了解到，今年虽然国外订单有回流迹象，但订单增速依然在低位运行，受多重因素影响，外贸企业的利润也被摊薄。
The textile and apparel industry is one of the pillar industries in Dongguan, with a scale exceeding 100 billion yuan. As a typical export-oriented city, what is the status of foreign trade orders in Dongguan's textile and apparel industry this year? Recently, Southern Finance Omnimedia reporters visited several textile and apparel companies and learned through frontline research that although there are signs of foreign orders returning this year, order growth remains low, and the profits of foreign trade companies have been squeezed due to multiple factors.
作为东莞传统优势支柱产业之一的纺织服帽产业，拥有以纯、都市丽人等一批知名服装品牌企业，以及虎门、大朗、茶山等全国服装名镇，形成了从研发到销售的完整产业链条，是东莞制造业的重要基本盘。
As one of Dongguan's traditional advantageous pillar industries, the textile, apparel, and hat industry boasts a group of well-known clothing brand companies such as Yishion and Cosmo Lady, as well as nationally renowned clothing towns like Humen, Dalang, and Chashan, forming a complete industrial chain from R&D to sales, which is an important foundation for Dongguan's manufacturing sector.
今年上半年，我国纺织服装行业克服全球外汇市场波动、贸易壁垒增多、国际航运不畅等影响，出口成绩好于预期。数据显示，2024年上半年，我国纺织品服装贸易额1535.7亿美元，同比增长1.7%，其中出口1432.4亿美元，增长1.6%。对美国出口增长5.1%，对东盟出口增长9.5%。
In the first half of this year, China's textile and apparel industry overcame the impacts of global foreign exchange market fluctuations, increased trade barriers, and international shipping disruptions, achieving better-than-expected export results. Data shows that in the first half of 2024, China's textile and apparel trade volume reached $153.57 billion, a year-on-year increase of 1.7%, with exports totaling $143.24 billion, up 1.6%. Exports to the United States grew by 5.1%, and exports to ASEAN increased by 9.5%.
企业探索"小单快返"新模式
Companies Explore New "Small Orders, Quick Returns" Model
8月，在东莞虎门镇口工业区奔踏服饰四楼1400平方米的时尚工厂内，"小单快反"ODM生产线正源源不断生产一件件时尚单品。在和奔踏服饰董事长罗敬春的对话中，南方财经全媒体记者能感受到这位企业家的韧劲，"越是身处逆境，企业越要努力做'加法'，内部产能优化、品类扩充和多元化发展，企业才能在竞争中立于不败之地。"
In August, in the 1,400-square-meter fashion factory on the fourth floor of Benta Apparel in Humen Town Industrial Zone, Dongguan, the "small orders, quick returns" ODM production line is continuously producing fashion items. In a conversation with Luo Jingchun, chairman of Benta Apparel, Southern Finance Omnimedia reporters could sense the resilience of this entrepreneur. "The more adversity a company faces, the more it needs to strive to 'add value'—optimizing internal capacity, expanding product categories, and diversifying development—to remain invincible in competition."
东莞市奔踏尚品服饰有限公司前身是成立于1998年的东莞邑豪制衣厂，2004年易名并创立"奔踏"运动品牌。罗敬春说，创立自主品牌后，企业重点向高端化、智能化方向发展，曾与特步、骆驼等品牌开展合作。目前奔踏服饰在虎门拥有4条智能生产流水线，配有专业现代设备200多台套，初步实现智能制造转型。
Dongguan Benta Fashion Apparel Co., Ltd. was formerly Dongguan Yihao Garment Factory, established in 1998, and was renamed in 2004 when it created the "Benta" sports brand. Luo Jingchun said that after establishing its own brand, the company focused on moving toward high-end and intelligent development, collaborating with brands like Xtep and Camel. Currently, Benta Apparel has four intelligent production lines in Humen, equipped with over 200 sets of professional modern equipment, achieving a preliminary transformation toward intelligent manufacturing.
数字化转型成为关键突破口
Digital Transformation Becomes Key Breakthrough
罗敬春判断，纺织服装行业市场低迷的状况未来还将持续一段时间，目前最重要的是做好内部管理和产能优化，加快推进数字化转型，用高附加值产品和充足产能去敲开市场大门。
Luo Jingchun predicts that the sluggish market conditions in the textile and apparel industry will persist for some time. Currently, the most important tasks are to improve internal management and capacity optimization, accelerate digital transformation, and use high-value-added products and sufficient capacity to open the door to the market.
南方财经全媒体记者观察到，在当前纺织服装行业普遍较为低迷的形势下，通过参展多渠道增加企业曝光，也是当前东莞外贸企业积极应对市场需求下行压力的手段。上半年，东莞市伟景服装辅料有限公司陆续参加了8个行业展会，其中有3个是国际性展会，以此获得更多的市场商机。
Southern Finance Omnimedia reporters observed that under the current generally sluggish conditions in the textile and apparel industry, increasing corporate exposure through participation in multiple exhibitions is also a means for Dongguan's foreign trade companies to actively cope with the downward pressure of market demand. In the first half of the year, Dongguan Weijing Garment Accessories Co., Ltd. participated in eight industry exhibitions, three of which were international, to gain more market opportunities.
