EORI号码：定义、申请、使用及管理全指南 - 外贸企业必备海关识别码
一、EORI号码的定义和作用
EORI号码（Economic Operators Registration and Identification number）是欧盟为加强进出口监管设立的唯一标识符，相当于企业的"海关身份证"。
1. Definition and Function of EORI Number
The EORI number is a unique identifier established by the EU to strengthen import/export supervision, serving as a "customs ID card" for businesses.
核心价值：
- 海关监管：精准识别进出口经营者
- 贸易便利：欧盟内外海关数据交换的基础
- 合规保障：确保货物安全与贸易合法性
Key Values:
- Customs supervision: Accurately identifies import/export operators
- Trade facilitation: Basis for customs data exchange within and outside the EU
- Compliance assurance: Ensures cargo safety and trade legality
二、EORI号码申请流程
外贸企业可通过以下步骤完成申请：
2. EORI Number Application Process
Foreign trade enterprises can complete the application through these steps:
| 步骤 Step | 操作说明 Instructions | 所需材料 Required Documents |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 表格填写 | 向当地海关提交申请表格 | 企业基本信息、联系方式 |
| 1. Form Completion | Submit application form to local customs | Basic company information, contact details |
| 2. 材料提交 | 提供企业资质证明文件 | 营业执照、税务登记证等 |
| 2. Document Submission | Provide company qualification documents | Business license, tax registration certificate, etc. |
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三、EORI号码使用规范
3. EORI Number Usage Standards
必须使用EORI的场景：
- 所有欧盟进出口报关手续
- 海关风险评估与检查
- 享受快速通关等贸易便利措施
Mandatory usage scenarios:
- All EU import/export customs procedures
- Customs risk assessment and inspection
- Access to trade facilitation measures like fast clearance
四、EORI号码维护管理
4. EORI Number Maintenance
企业需注意以下管理要点：
- 信息更新：企业变更需在30日内向海关报备
- 安全保管：防止号码泄露导致贸易风险
- 定期验证：每年至少检查一次号码有效性
Key management points:
- Information update: Report company changes to customs within 30 days
- Secure storage: Prevent leakage that may cause trade risks
- Regular verification: Check number validity at least annually
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