外贸出口全流程指南：从推广到退税的完整步骤
作为外贸从业者，了解完整的出口流程至关重要。虽然总体流程相似，但实际操作中许多工作是交叉进行的。本文将详细解析从产品推广到完成退税的全过程，帮助您更好地掌握外贸出口的各个环节。
As a foreign trade practitioner, understanding the complete export process is crucial. Although the overall process is similar, many tasks in actual operation are carried out in parallel. This article will analyze the entire process from product promotion to tax refund completion in detail to help you better grasp all aspects of foreign trade export.
1. 宣传产品，开发客户
推广渠道包括：企业官网、网络推广、B2B平台、展会、社交媒体等，同时可以主动搜索开发客户。
1. Product Promotion and Customer Development
Promotion channels include: corporate website, online promotion, B2B platforms, exhibitions, social media, etc., while actively searching for and developing customers.
2. 报价和订单谈判
及时响应客户询盘，谈判内容包括：产品、数量、价格、成交方式、付款方式、单据要求等。
2. Quotation and Order Negotiation
Respond to customer inquiries promptly, negotiation content includes: products, quantity, price, transaction terms, payment methods, document requirements, etc.
3. 制作合同或PI
客户确认采购意向后，需制作正式合同或形式发票(PI)发送给客户。
3. Prepare Contract or PI
After the customer confirms purchase intention, prepare a formal contract or Proforma Invoice (PI) to send to the customer.
4. 预付款或开立信用证
根据谈判结果，提醒客户安排预付款或开立信用证。
4. Advance Payment or L/C Opening
According to negotiation results, remind customers to arrange advance payment or open a letter of credit.
5. 安排生产和备货
收到预付款或信用证后，按订单要求安排生产和备货。
5. Arrange Production and Stock Preparation
After receiving advance payment or L/C, arrange production and stock preparation according to order requirements.
6. 通知客户和验货
货物生产完成后及时通知客户，如需验货则安排验货流程。
6. Notify Customer and Inspection
Notify the customer promptly after production is completed, and arrange inspection process if required.
7. 安排出货，联系货代
根据成交方式(FOB/CIF等)联系相应货代安排订舱。
7. Arrange Shipment and Contact Freight Forwarder
Contact the corresponding freight forwarder to arrange booking according to the transaction terms (FOB/CIF, etc.).
8. 订舱、装柜、返场
货代安排舱位后提供S/O(入货通知)，根据截单和截港时间安排拖车、装柜等事宜。
8. Booking, Loading and Return
After the freight forwarder arranges space, provide S/O (Shipping Order), arrange trailer, loading, etc. according to the cut-off time.
9. 录舱单、报关、放行
货物装柜后安排录舱单、报关，海关放行后码头安排装船。
9. Manifest Entry, Customs Declaration and Release
After loading, arrange manifest entry and customs declaration. After customs release, the terminal arranges loading.
10. 准备清关资料
出货和报关过程中同步准备客户清关所需文件。
10. Prepare Customs Clearance Documents
Prepare customer's customs clearance documents during shipment and customs declaration.
11. 收余款或处理信用证
根据付款条件收取余款或按信用证要求准备单据交单。
11. Collect Balance or Handle L/C
Collect balance according to payment terms or prepare documents as required by L/C.
12. 寄清关资料和银行交单
根据客户要求寄送正本提单或安排电放，信用证交易需通过银行交单。
12. Send Clearance Documents and Bank Submission
Send original B/L or arrange telex release as required by customer. L/C transactions require document submission through bank.
13. 申请退税
完成出货后做账并申请退税，退税到账后订单完结。
13. Apply for Tax Refund
After completing shipment, do accounting and apply for tax refund. The order is completed after the tax refund is received.
注意事项：根据产品不同，可能还需进行商检、熏蒸等额外流程，需根据实际情况调整。
Notes: Depending on the product, additional processes such as commodity inspection and fumigation may be required, which need to be adjusted according to the actual situation.
