中国外贸2022年成绩单解析：制造业支撑下的韧性增长
每经记者张怀水报道 | By Zhang Huaihui, National Business Daily
2022年中国外贸交出了一份亮眼的成绩单。国家统计局数据显示，全年货物进出口总额达42.07万亿元人民币，同比增长7.7%。其中出口增长10.5%，进口增长4.3%，贸易顺差扩大35.4%。
China's foreign trade delivered outstanding performance in 2022. According to National Bureau of Statistics, total goods import and export reached 42.07 trillion yuan, up 7.7% year-on-year. Exports grew by 10.5% while imports increased 4.3%, with trade surplus expanding 35.4%.
对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院院长屠新泉在接受《每日经济新闻》专访时表示："中国制造业在全球供应链中的地位非常稳固，这是支撑外贸表现的核心因素。"
Tu Xinquan, Dean of China Institute for WTO Studies at University of International Business and Economics, told NBD in an exclusive interview: "China's manufacturing sector maintains a solid position in global supply chains, which is the core factor supporting foreign trade performance."
三大支撑因素 | Three Key Supporting Factors
屠新泉指出2022年中国外贸的三大支撑：
- 制造业供应链优势
- 民营企业活力（占比首次超50%）
- 稳外贸政策组合拳
Tu highlighted three pillars for China's foreign trade in 2022:
- Advantages in manufacturing supply chains
- Vitality of private enterprises (share exceeded 50% for first time)
- Policy packages to stabilize foreign trade
2023年趋势展望 | 2023 Outlook
对于2023年外贸走势，屠新泉预测：
- 一季度可能延续下滑趋势
- 上半年下滑曲线将逐步上调
- 下半年有望明显改善
Regarding 2023 trends, Tu predicted:
- Downtrend may continue in Q1
- Decline curve will gradually adjust upward in first half
- Significant improvement expected in second half
外贸高质量发展路径：
1. 优化贸易结构（提升一般贸易比重）
2. 提高产品技术含量
3. 推进市场多元化
Path to high-quality foreign trade development:
1. Optimize trade structure (increase general trade share)
2. Enhance product technological content
3. Promote market diversification
