Use pathlib

Author: jerry-git

notebooks/beginner/exercises/10_file_io_exercise.ipynb

@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
  "source": [
  "# EXECUTE THIS ONE FIRST!\n",
  "\n",
- "import os\n",
+ "from pathlib import Path\n",
  "\n",
  "# Constants for the exercises:\n",
- "WORKING_DIR = os.getcwd()\n",
- "DATA_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(WORKING_DIR), \"data\")"
+ "WORKING_DIR = Path.cwd()\n",
+ "DATA_DIR = WORKING_DIR.parent / \"data\""
  ]
  },
  {
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
  "def sum_numbers_in_file(input_file):\n",
- " sum_ = 0 # A common way to use variable names that collide with built-in/keyword words is to add underscore\n",
- " with ____(input_file, ____) as ____:\n",
+ " total = 0\n",
+ " with ____(input_file) as ____:\n",
  " for line in ____:\n",
  " ____ = line.strip() # Remove potential white space\n",
- " ____ += float(____)\n",
- " return ____"
+ " total += float(____)\n",
+ " return _____"
  ]
  },
  {
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
  },
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "in_file = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"numbers.txt\")\n",
+ "in_file = DATA_DIR / \"numbers.txt\"\n",
  "assert sum_numbers_in_file(in_file) == 189.5"
  ]
  },
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@
  },
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "in_file1 = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"simple_file.txt\")\n",
- "in_file2 = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"simple_file_with_empty_lines.txt\")\n",
+ "in_file1 = DATA_DIR / \"simple_file.txt\"\n",
+ "in_file2 = DATA_DIR / \"simple_file_with_empty_lines.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
  "expected_file_1 = [\"First\", \"Second\", \"Third\", \"And\"]\n",
  "assert find_first_words(in_file1) == expected_file_1\n",
@@ -89,8 +89,9 @@
  }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+ "celltoolbar": "Edit Metadata",
  "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 3",
+ "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
  "language": "python",
  "name": "python3"
  },
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@
  "name": "python",
  "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
  "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
- "version": "3.5.4"
+ "version": "3.11.0"
  }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

notebooks/beginner/exercises/19_recap2_exercise.ipynb

@@ -128,11 +128,11 @@
  },
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "import os\n",
+ "from pathlib import Path\n",
  "\n",
- "WORKING_DIR = os.getcwd()\n",
- "DATA_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(WORKING_DIR), \"data\")\n",
- "DATA_FILE = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"random_data.txt\")\n",
+ "WORKING_DIR = Path.cwd()\n",
+ "DATA_DIR = WORKING_DIR.parent / \"data\"\n",
+ "DATA_FILE = DATA_DIR / \"random_data.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
  "da = DataAnalyzer(DATA_FILE)\n",
  "\n",
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
  },
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "EMPTY_FILE = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"empty_file.txt\")\n",
+ "EMPTY_FILE = DATA_DIR / \"empty_file.txt\"\n",
  "try:\n",
  " da_empty = DataAnalyzer(EMPTY_FILE)\n",
  "except NoData:\n",
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 3",
+ "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
  "language": "python",
  "name": "python3"
  },
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
  "name": "python",
  "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
  "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
- "version": "3.5.4"
+ "version": "3.11.0"
  }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

notebooks/beginner/notebooks/10_file_io.ipynb

@@ -21,17 +21,16 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "import os\n",
+ "from pathlib import Path\n",
  "\n",
- "current_file = os.path.realpath(\"file_io.ipynb\")\n",
+ "current_file = Path(\"file_io.ipynb\").resolve()\n",
  "print(f\"current file: {current_file}\")\n",
- "# Note: in .py files you can get the path of current file by __file__\n",
+ "# Note: in .py files you can get the path of current file by Path(__file__)\n",
  "\n",
- "current_dir = os.path.dirname(current_file)\n",
+ "current_dir = current_file.parent\n",
  "print(f\"current directory: {current_dir}\")\n",
- "# Note: in .py files you can get the dir of current file by os.path.dirname(__file__)\n",
  "\n",
- "data_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(current_dir), \"data\")\n",
+ "data_dir = current_dir.parent / \"data\"\n",
  "print(f\"data directory: {data_dir}\")"
  ]
  },
@@ -48,9 +47,9 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "print(f\"exists: {os.path.exists(data_dir)}\")\n",
- "print(f\"is file: {os.path.isfile(data_dir)}\")\n",
- "print(f\"is directory: {os.path.isdir(data_dir)}\")"
+ "print(f\"exists: {data_dir.exists()}\")\n",
+ "print(f\"is file: {data_dir.is_file()}\")\n",
+ "print(f\"is directory: {data_dir.is_dir()}\")"
  ]
  },
  {
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "file_path = os.path.join(data_dir, \"simple_file.txt\")\n",
+ "file_path = data_dir / \"simple_file.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
  "with open(file_path) as simple_file:\n",
  " for line in simple_file:\n",
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "file_path = os.path.join(data_dir, \"simple_file.txt\")\n",
+ "file_path = data_dir / \"simple_file.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
  "# THIS IS NOT THE PREFERRED WAY\n",
  "simple_file = open(file_path)\n",
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "new_file_path = os.path.join(data_dir, \"new_file.txt\")\n",
+ "new_file_path = data_dir / \"new_file.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
  "with open(new_file_path, \"w\") as my_file:\n",
  " my_file.write(\"This is my first file that I wrote with Python.\")"
@@ -131,8 +130,8 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "if os.path.exists(new_file_path): # make sure it's there\n",
- " os.remove(new_file_path)"
+ "if new_file_path.exists(): # make sure it's there\n",
+ " new_file_path.unlink()"
  ]
  }
  ],

notebooks/beginner/notebooks/15_std_lib.ipynb

@@ -31,14 +31,7 @@
  "\n",
  "# You can access any value separately:\n",
  "print(\n",
- " \"{} {} {} {} {} {}\".format(\n",
- " local_now.year,\n",
- " local_now.month,\n",
- " local_now.day,\n",
- " local_now.hour,\n",
- " local_now.minute,\n",
- " local_now.second,\n",
- " )\n",
+ " f\"{local_now.year} {local_now.month} {local_now.day} {local_now.hour} {local_now.minute} {local_now.second}\"\n",
  ")\n",
  "\n",
  "print(f\"date: {local_now.date()}\")\n",
@@ -111,19 +104,7 @@
  "cell_type": "markdown",
  "metadata": {},
  "source": [
- "### Working with timezones\n",
- "Let's first make sure [`pytz`](http://pytz.sourceforge.net/) is installed."
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "execution_count": null,
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [],
- "source": [
- "import sys\n",
- "\n",
- "!{sys.executable} -m pip install pytz"
+ "### Working with timezones"
  ]
  },
  {
@@ -133,23 +114,23 @@
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
  "import datetime as dt\n",
- "import pytz\n",
+ "from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo\n",
  "\n",
  "naive_utc_now = dt.datetime.utcnow()\n",
  "print(f\"naive utc now: {naive_utc_now}, tzinfo: {naive_utc_now.tzinfo}\")\n",
  "\n",
  "# Localizing naive datetimes\n",
- "UTC_TZ = pytz.timezone(\"UTC\")\n",
- "utc_now = UTC_TZ.localize(naive_utc_now)\n",
+ "UTC_TZ = ZoneInfo(\"UTC\")\n",
+ "utc_now = naive_utc_now.replace(tzinfo=UTC_TZ)\n",
  "print(f\"utc now: {utc_now}, tzinfo: {utc_now.tzinfo}\")\n",
  "\n",
  "# Converting localized datetimes to different timezone\n",
- "PARIS_TZ = pytz.timezone(\"Europe/Paris\")\n",
- "paris_now = PARIS_TZ.normalize(utc_now)\n",
+ "PARIS_TZ = ZoneInfo(\"Europe/Paris\")\n",
+ "paris_now = utc_now.astimezone(PARIS_TZ)\n",
  "print(f\"Paris: {paris_now}, tzinfo: {paris_now.tzinfo}\")\n",
  "\n",
- "NEW_YORK_TZ = pytz.timezone(\"America/New_York\")\n",
- "ny_now = NEW_YORK_TZ.normalize(utc_now)\n",
+ "NEW_YORK_TZ = ZoneInfo(\"America/New_York\")\n",
+ "ny_now = utc_now.astimezone(NEW_YORK_TZ)\n",
  "print(f\"New York: {ny_now}, tzinfo: {ny_now.tzinfo}\")"
  ]
  },
@@ -248,8 +229,8 @@
  "metadata": {},
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "import os\n",
  "import logging\n",
+ "from pathlib import Path\n",
  "\n",
  "# This is only required for Jupyter notebook environment\n",
  "from importlib import reload\n",
@@ -259,7 +240,7 @@
  "logger = logging.getLogger(\"MyFileLogger\")\n",
  "\n",
  "# Let's define a file_handler for our logger\n",
- "log_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), \"my_log.txt\")\n",
+ "log_path = Path.cwd() / \"my_log.txt\"\n",
  "file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_path)\n",
  "\n",
  "# And a nice format\n",
@@ -401,7 +382,7 @@
  "name": "python",
  "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
  "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
- "version": "3.10.3"
+ "version": "3.11.0"
  }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

notebooks/intermediate/exercises/05_idiomatic_python_exercise.ipynb

@@ -260,14 +260,15 @@
  },
  "outputs": [],
  "source": [
- "import os\n",
+ "from pathlib import Path\n",
  "\n",
- "CURRENT_DIR = os.getcwd()\n",
- "DATA_DIR = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(CURRENT_DIR), \"data\")\n",
+ "CURRENT_DIR = Path.cwd()\n",
+ "DATA_DIR = CURRENT_DIR.parent / \"data\"\n",
+ "\n",
+ "DATA_FILE1 = DATA_DIR / \"misc_data1.txt\"\n",
+ "DATA_FILE2 = DATA_DIR / \"misc_data2.txt\"\n",
+ "DATA_FILE3 = DATA_DIR / \"empty.txt\"\n",
  "\n",
- "DATA_FILE1 = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"misc_data1.txt\")\n",
- "DATA_FILE2 = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"misc_data2.txt\")\n",
- "DATA_FILE3 = os.path.join(DATA_DIR, \"empty.txt\")\n",
  "\n",
  "expected1 = \"\"\"missing values: 2\n",
  "highest number: 99.0\n",
@@ -317,8 +318,9 @@
  }
  ],
  "metadata": {
+ "celltoolbar": "Edit Metadata",
  "kernelspec": {
- "display_name": "Python 3",
+ "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
  "language": "python",
  "name": "python3"
  },
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@
  "name": "python",
  "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
  "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
- "version": "3.5.4"
+ "version": "3.11.0"
  }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,