CLN: use dtype in constructor (#25098)

Author: topper-123

pandas/core/arrays/categorical.py

@@ -2321,8 +2321,7 @@ def _values_for_factorize(self):
  @classmethod
  def _from_factorized(cls, uniques, original):
  return original._constructor(original.categories.take(uniques),
- categories=original.categories,
- ordered=original.ordered)
+ dtype=original.dtype)
 
  def equals(self, other):
  """
@@ -2674,9 +2673,7 @@ def _factorize_from_iterable(values):
  if is_categorical(values):
  if isinstance(values, (ABCCategoricalIndex, ABCSeries)):
  values = values._values
- categories = CategoricalIndex(values.categories,
- categories=values.categories,
- ordered=values.ordered)
+ categories = CategoricalIndex(values.categories, dtype=values.dtype)
  codes = values.codes
  else:
  # The value of ordered is irrelevant since we don't use cat as such,