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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: 10-Spring Microservices/10.1-Introduction to Microservices - Monolithic vs Microservice Architecture/README.md
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@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Welcome to **Section 10.1** of the *Mastering Java + Spring Boot* course! 🚀 T
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This README is designed for beginners and aspiring Java developers, providing a foundation for building microservices with **Spring Boot** in upcoming sections. Whether you’re new to Java or looking to advance your skills in REST APIs, MVC, and microservices, this guide will set you on the right path! 🖥️
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[!NOTE]
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This section lays the groundwork for understanding microservices, preparing you for hands-on implementation with Spring Boot in later lectures.
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> [!NOTE]
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> This section lays the groundwork for understanding microservices, preparing you for hands-on implementation with Spring Boot in later lectures.
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---
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**Microservices** are an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of **small, independent, loosely coupled services**, each designed to handle a specific **business capability** within a domain. Unlike traditional approaches where all components are bundled together, microservices break down the application into autonomous services that can be developed, deployed, and scaled separately.
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[!TIP]
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Think of microservices as a team of specialized workers: each service has one job (e.g., handling payments), works independently, and communicates with others to complete the overall task (e.g., running an e-commerce platform).
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> [!TIP]
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> Think of microservices as a team of specialized workers: each service has one job (e.g., handling payments), works independently, and communicates with others to complete the overall task (e.g., running an e-commerce platform).
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### 1.2 Key Characteristics
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-**Language-Neutral**: Each service can use a different technology stack (e.g., Java, Python, Node.js).
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-**Bounded Context**: Each service operates within its own domain, with clear boundaries (e.g., a payment service doesn’t handle user authentication).
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[!IMPORTANT]
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Microservices are designed around **business domains**, ensuring each service aligns with a specific function, making the system modular and easier to maintain.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> Microservices are designed around **business domains**, ensuring each service aligns with a specific function, making the system modular and easier to maintain.
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---
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-**Unified Development and Deployment**: The entire application is built, tested, and deployed together.
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-**Single Scaling**: Scaling requires replicating the entire application, not individual components.
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[!NOTE]
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Most applications you’ve built so far in this course (e.g., Employee Management System) are monolithic, combining views, logic, and database access into one unit.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Most applications you’ve built so far in this course (e.g., Employee Management System) are monolithic, combining views, logic, and database access into one unit.
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### 2.2 Examples
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- Migrating to a new tech stack (e.g., from Java to Go) is difficult due to the large, interconnected codebase.
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- Adopting new frameworks or technologies requires rewriting significant portions of the app.
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[!WARNING]
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Monolithic architectures are suitable for small applications but become inefficient and risky as complexity grows, leading to slower development and higher maintenance costs.
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> [!WARNING]
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> Monolithic architectures are suitable for small applications but become inefficient and risky as complexity grows, leading to slower development and higher maintenance costs.
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-**Granular Scaling**: Scale only the services that need it (e.g., scale payment service during a sale).
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-**Fault Isolation**: A failure in one service (e.g., cart) doesn’t affect others (e.g., product catalog).
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[!TIP]
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Microservices enable faster development and deployment by allowing teams to work on isolated services without affecting the entire system.
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> [!TIP]
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> Microservices enable faster development and deployment by allowing teams to work on isolated services without affecting the entire system.
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### 3.2 Examples
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- Deploy updates to individual services frequently, speeding up delivery.
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- Example: Push a bug fix to the product service without affecting other services.
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[!NOTE]
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Companies like **Netflix**, **Amazon**, **Uber**, **Spotify**, and **PayPal** use microservices to achieve scalability, resilience, and rapid development.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Companies like **Netflix**, **Amazon**, **Uber**, **Spotify**, and **PayPal** use microservices to achieve scalability, resilience, and rapid development.
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### 3.4 Architecture Components
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- Each service typically has its own database to ensure independence.
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- Example: Product service uses MySQL, while cart service uses MongoDB.
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[!IMPORTANT]
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Proper management of API gateways, service discovery, and communication is critical to ensure microservices work seamlessly in a distributed system.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> Proper management of API gateways, service discovery, and communication is critical to ensure microservices work seamlessly in a distributed system.
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|**Complexity**| Simpler for small apps, complex for large apps. | Complex setup but manageable for large, distributed apps. |
Microservices introduce complexity (e.g., managing distributed systems, inter-service communication). Use them only when the application’s scale and requirements justify the added overhead.
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> [!CAUTION]
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> Microservices introduce complexity (e.g., managing distributed systems, inter-service communication). Use them only when the application’s scale and requirements justify the added overhead.
-**Scalability**: Supports deploying services independently, aligning with microservice principles.
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-**Community and Ecosystem**: Extensive documentation and libraries make Spring Boot ideal for enterprise-grade microservices.
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[!TIP]
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In upcoming sections, you’ll implement microservices using Spring Boot, leveraging tools like Spring Cloud to build a real-world e-commerce or social media application.
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> [!TIP]
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> In upcoming sections, you’ll implement microservices using Spring Boot, leveraging tools like Spring Cloud to build a real-world e-commerce or social media application.
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