Merge branch 'master' into langchain

Author: KateFinegan

duck-typing-python/README.md

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+# Duck Typing in Python: Writing Flexible and Decoupled Code
+
+This folder provides the code examples for the Real Python tutorial [Duck Typing in Python: Writing Flexible and Decoupled Code](https://realpython.com/duck-typing-python/).

duck-typing-python/birds_v1.py

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+class Duck:
+ def swim(self):
+ print("The duck is swimming")
+
+ def fly(self):
+ print("The duck is flying")
+
+
+class Swan:
+ def swim(self):
+ print("The swan is swimming")
+
+ def fly(self):
+ print("The swan is flying")
+
+
+class Albatross:
+ def swim(self):
+ print("The albatross is swimming")
+
+ def fly(self):
+ print("The albatross is flying")

duck-typing-python/birds_v2.py

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+class Duck:
+ def fly(self):
+ print("The duck is flying")
+
+ def swim(self):
+ print("The duck is swimming")
+
+
+class Pigeon:
+ def fly(self):
+ print("The pigeon is flying")

duck-typing-python/file.csv

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+name,age,job
+John,25,Engineer
+Jane,22,Designer

duck-typing-python/file.json

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+[
+ {
+ "name": "John",
+ "age": 25,
+ "job": "Engineer"
+ },
+ {
+ "name": "Jane",
+ "age": 22,
+ "job": "Designer"
+ }
+]

duck-typing-python/file.txt

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+John
+25
+Engineer
+Jane
+22
+Designer

duck-typing-python/iteration.py

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+numbers = [1, 2, 3]
+person = ("Jane", 25, "Python Dev")
+letters = "abc"
+ordinals = {"one": "first", "two": "second", "three": "third"}
+even_digits = {2, 4, 6, 8}
+collections = [numbers, person, letters, ordinals, even_digits]
+
+for collection in collections:
+ for value in collection:
+ print(value)

duck-typing-python/mean.py

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+from collections.abc import Collection
+
+
+def mean(grades: Collection) -> float:
+ return sum(grades) / len(grades)

duck-typing-python/queues.py

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+from collections import deque
+
+
+class Queue:
+ def __init__(self):
+ self._elements = deque()
+
+ def enqueue(self, element):
+ self._elements.append(element)
+
+ def dequeue(self):
+ return self._elements.popleft()
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ return iter(self._elements)
+
+ def __len__(self):
+ return len(self._elements)
+
+ def __reversed__(self):
+ return reversed(self._elements)
+
+ def __contains__(self, element):
+ return element in self._elements

duck-typing-python/readers.py

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+import csv
+import json
+from itertools import batched # Python >= 3.12
+
+
+class TextReader:
+ def __init__(self, filename):
+ self.filename = filename
+
+ def read(self):
+ with open(self.filename, encoding="utf-8") as file:
+ return [
+ {
+ "name": batch[0].strip(),
+ "age": batch[1].strip(),
+ "job": batch[2].strip(),
+ }
+ for batch in batched(file.readlines(), 3)
+ ]
+
+
+class CSVReader:
+ def __init__(self, filename):
+ self.filename = filename
+
+ def read(self):
+ with open(self.filename, encoding="utf-8", newline="") as file:
+ return list(csv.DictReader(file))
+
+
+class JSONReader:
+ def __init__(self, filename):
+ self.filename = filename
+
+ def read(self):
+ with open(self.filename, encoding="utf-8") as file:
+ return json.load(file)