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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:3
msgid "Extending/Embedding FAQ"
msgstr "FAQ Extension/Intégration"
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:16
msgid "Can I create my own functions in C?"
msgstr "Puis-je créer mes propres fonctions en C ?"
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:18
msgid ""
"Yes, you can create built-in modules containing functions, variables, "
"exceptions and even new types in C. This is explained in the document :ref:"
"`extending-index`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:22
msgid "Most intermediate or advanced Python books will also cover this topic."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:26
msgid "Can I create my own functions in C++?"
msgstr "Puis-je créer mes propres fonctions en C++ ?"
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:28
msgid ""
"Yes, using the C compatibility features found in C++. Place ``extern \"C"
"\" { ... }`` around the Python include files and put ``extern \"C\"`` before "
"each function that is going to be called by the Python interpreter. Global "
"or static C++ objects with constructors are probably not a good idea."
msgstr ""
"Oui, en utilisant les fonctionnalités de compatibilité C existantes en C++. "
"Placez ``extern \"C\" { ... }`` autour des fichiers Python inclus et mettez "
"``extern \"C\"`` avant chaque fonction qui va être appelée par "
"l'interpréteur Python. Les objets C++ globaux ou statiques avec les "
"constructeurs ne sont probablement pas une bonne idée."
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:37
msgid "Writing C is hard; are there any alternatives?"
msgstr "Écrire directement en C est difficile ; existe-t-il des alternatives ?"
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:39
msgid ""
"There are a number of alternatives to writing your own C extensions, "
"depending on what you're trying to do."
msgstr ""
"Il y a un certain nombre de solutions existantes qui vous permettent "
"d'écrire vos propres extensions C, selon ce que vous essayez de faire."
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:44
msgid ""
"`Cython <http://cython.org>`_ and its relative `Pyrex <https://www.cosc."
"canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python/Pyrex/>`_ are compilers that accept a "
"slightly modified form of Python and generate the corresponding C code. "
"Cython and Pyrex make it possible to write an extension without having to "
"learn Python's C API."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:50
msgid ""
"If you need to interface to some C or C++ library for which no Python "
"extension currently exists, you can try wrapping the library's data types "
"and functions with a tool such as `SWIG <http://www.swig.org>`_. `SIP "
"<https://riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/intro>`__, `CXX <http://cxx."
"sourceforge.net/>`_ `Boost <http://www.boost.org/libs/python/doc/index."
"html>`_, or `Weave <https://scipy.github.io/devdocs/tutorial/weave.html>`_ "
"are also alternatives for wrapping C++ libraries."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:61
msgid "How can I execute arbitrary Python statements from C?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:63
msgid ""
"The highest-level function to do this is :c:func:`PyRun_SimpleString` which "
"takes a single string argument to be executed in the context of the module "
"``__main__`` and returns 0 for success and -1 when an exception occurred "
"(including ``SyntaxError``). If you want more control, use :c:func:"
"`PyRun_String`; see the source for :c:func:`PyRun_SimpleString` in ``Python/"
"pythonrun.c``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:72
msgid "How can I evaluate an arbitrary Python expression from C?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:74
msgid ""
"Call the function :c:func:`PyRun_String` from the previous question with the "
"start symbol :c:data:`Py_eval_input`; it parses an expression, evaluates it "
"and returns its value."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:80
msgid "How do I extract C values from a Python object?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:82
msgid ""
"That depends on the object's type. If it's a tuple, :c:func:`PyTuple_Size` "
"returns its length and :c:func:`PyTuple_GetItem` returns the item at a "
"specified index. Lists have similar functions, :c:func:`PyListSize` and :c:"
"func:`PyList_GetItem`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:87
msgid ""
"For bytes, :c:func:`PyBytes_Size` returns its length and :c:func:"
"`PyBytes_AsStringAndSize` provides a pointer to its value and its length. "
"Note that Python bytes objects may contain null bytes so C's :c:func:"
"`strlen` should not be used."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:92
msgid ""
"To test the type of an object, first make sure it isn't *NULL*, and then "
"use :c:func:`PyBytes_Check`, :c:func:`PyTuple_Check`, :c:func:"
"`PyList_Check`, etc."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:95
msgid ""
"There is also a high-level API to Python objects which is provided by the so-"
"called 'abstract' interface -- read ``Include/abstract.h`` for further "
"details. It allows interfacing with any kind of Python sequence using calls "
"like :c:func:`PySequence_Length`, :c:func:`PySequence_GetItem`, etc. as well "
"as many other useful protocols such as numbers (:c:func:`PyNumber_Index` et "
"al.) and mappings in the PyMapping APIs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:104
msgid "How do I use Py_BuildValue() to create a tuple of arbitrary length?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:106
msgid "You can't. Use :c:func:`PyTuple_Pack` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:110
msgid "How do I call an object's method from C?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:112
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyObject_CallMethod` function can be used to call an arbitrary "
"method of an object. The parameters are the object, the name of the method "
"to call, a format string like that used with :c:func:`Py_BuildValue`, and "
"the argument values::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:121
msgid ""
"This works for any object that has methods -- whether built-in or user-"
"defined. You are responsible for eventually :c:func:`Py_DECREF`\\ 'ing the "
"return value."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:124
msgid ""
"To call, e.g., a file object's \"seek\" method with arguments 10, 0 "
"(assuming the file object pointer is \"f\")::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:135
msgid ""
"Note that since :c:func:`PyObject_CallObject` *always* wants a tuple for the "
"argument list, to call a function without arguments, pass \"()\" for the "
"format, and to call a function with one argument, surround the argument in "
"parentheses, e.g. \"(i)\"."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:142
msgid ""
"How do I catch the output from PyErr_Print() (or anything that prints to "
"stdout/stderr)?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:144
msgid ""
"In Python code, define an object that supports the ``write()`` method. "
"Assign this object to :data:`sys.stdout` and :data:`sys.stderr`. Call "
"print_error, or just allow the standard traceback mechanism to work. Then, "
"the output will go wherever your ``write()`` method sends it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:149
msgid "The easiest way to do this is to use the :class:`io.StringIO` class:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:161
msgid "A custom object to do the same would look like this:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:182
msgid "How do I access a module written in Python from C?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:184
msgid "You can get a pointer to the module object as follows::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:188
msgid ""
"If the module hasn't been imported yet (i.e. it is not yet present in :data:"
"`sys.modules`), this initializes the module; otherwise it simply returns the "
"value of ``sys.modules[\"<modulename>\"]``. Note that it doesn't enter the "
"module into any namespace -- it only ensures it has been initialized and is "
"stored in :data:`sys.modules`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:194
msgid ""
"You can then access the module's attributes (i.e. any name defined in the "
"module) as follows::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:199
msgid ""
"Calling :c:func:`PyObject_SetAttrString` to assign to variables in the "
"module also works."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:204
msgid "How do I interface to C++ objects from Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:206
msgid ""
"Depending on your requirements, there are many approaches. To do this "
"manually, begin by reading :ref:`the \"Extending and Embedding\" document "
"<extending-index>`. Realize that for the Python run-time system, there "
"isn't a whole lot of difference between C and C++ -- so the strategy of "
"building a new Python type around a C structure (pointer) type will also "
"work for C++ objects."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:212
msgid "For C++ libraries, see :ref:`c-wrapper-software`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:216
msgid "I added a module using the Setup file and the make fails; why?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:218
msgid ""
"Setup must end in a newline, if there is no newline there, the build process "
"fails. (Fixing this requires some ugly shell script hackery, and this bug "
"is so minor that it doesn't seem worth the effort.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:224
msgid "How do I debug an extension?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:226
msgid ""
"When using GDB with dynamically loaded extensions, you can't set a "
"breakpoint in your extension until your extension is loaded."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:229
msgid "In your ``.gdbinit`` file (or interactively), add the command:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:235
msgid "Then, when you run GDB:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:247
msgid ""
"I want to compile a Python module on my Linux system, but some files are "
"missing. Why?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:249
msgid ""
"Most packaged versions of Python don't include the :file:`/usr/lib/python2."
"{x}/config/` directory, which contains various files required for compiling "
"Python extensions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:253
msgid "For Red Hat, install the python-devel RPM to get the necessary files."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:255
msgid "For Debian, run ``apt-get install python-dev``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:259
msgid "How do I tell \"incomplete input\" from \"invalid input\"?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:261
msgid ""
"Sometimes you want to emulate the Python interactive interpreter's behavior, "
"where it gives you a continuation prompt when the input is incomplete (e.g. "
"you typed the start of an \"if\" statement or you didn't close your "
"parentheses or triple string quotes), but it gives you a syntax error "
"message immediately when the input is invalid."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:267
msgid ""
"In Python you can use the :mod:`codeop` module, which approximates the "
"parser's behavior sufficiently. IDLE uses this, for example."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:270
msgid ""
"The easiest way to do it in C is to call :c:func:`PyRun_InteractiveLoop` "
"(perhaps in a separate thread) and let the Python interpreter handle the "
"input for you. You can also set the :c:func:`PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer` "
"to point at your custom input function. See ``Modules/readline.c`` and "
"``Parser/myreadline.c`` for more hints."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:276
msgid ""
"However sometimes you have to run the embedded Python interpreter in the "
"same thread as your rest application and you can't allow the :c:func:"
"`PyRun_InteractiveLoop` to stop while waiting for user input. The one "
"solution then is to call :c:func:`PyParser_ParseString` and test for ``e."
"error`` equal to ``E_EOF``, which means the input is incomplete). Here's a "
"sample code fragment, untested, inspired by code from Alex Farber::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:309
msgid ""
"Another solution is trying to compile the received string with :c:func:"
"`Py_CompileString`. If it compiles without errors, try to execute the "
"returned code object by calling :c:func:`PyEval_EvalCode`. Otherwise save "
"the input for later. If the compilation fails, find out if it's an error or "
"just more input is required - by extracting the message string from the "
"exception tuple and comparing it to the string \"unexpected EOF while parsing"
"\". Here is a complete example using the GNU readline library (you may want "
"to ignore **SIGINT** while calling readline())::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:430
msgid "How do I find undefined g++ symbols __builtin_new or __pure_virtual?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:432
msgid ""
"To dynamically load g++ extension modules, you must recompile Python, relink "
"it using g++ (change LINKCC in the Python Modules Makefile), and link your "
"extension module using g++ (e.g., ``g++ -shared -o mymodule.so mymodule.o``)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:438
msgid ""
"Can I create an object class with some methods implemented in C and others "
"in Python (e.g. through inheritance)?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:440
msgid ""
"Yes, you can inherit from built-in classes such as :class:`int`, :class:"
"`list`, :class:`dict`, etc."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/extending.rst:443
msgid ""
"The Boost Python Library (BPL, http://www.boost.org/libs/python/doc/index."
"html) provides a way of doing this from C++ (i.e. you can inherit from an "
"extension class written in C++ using the BPL)."
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:5
msgid "General Python FAQ"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:13
msgid "General Information"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:16
msgid "What is Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:18
msgid ""
"Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming "
"language. It incorporates modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, very high "
"level dynamic data types, and classes. Python combines remarkable power "
"with very clear syntax. It has interfaces to many system calls and "
"libraries, as well as to various window systems, and is extensible in C or C+"
"+. It is also usable as an extension language for applications that need a "
"programmable interface. Finally, Python is portable: it runs on many Unix "
"variants, on the Mac, and on Windows 2000 and later."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:27
msgid ""
"To find out more, start with :ref:`tutorial-index`. The `Beginner's Guide "
"to Python <https://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide>`_ links to other "
"introductory tutorials and resources for learning Python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:33
msgid "What is the Python Software Foundation?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:35
msgid ""
"The Python Software Foundation is an independent non-profit organization "
"that holds the copyright on Python versions 2.1 and newer. The PSF's "
"mission is to advance open source technology related to the Python "
"programming language and to publicize the use of Python. The PSF's home "
"page is at https://www.python.org/psf/."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:41
msgid ""
"Donations to the PSF are tax-exempt in the US. If you use Python and find "
"it helpful, please contribute via `the PSF donation page <https://www.python."
"org/psf/donations/>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:47
msgid "Are there copyright restrictions on the use of Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:49
msgid ""
"You can do anything you want with the source, as long as you leave the "
"copyrights in and display those copyrights in any documentation about Python "
"that you produce. If you honor the copyright rules, it's OK to use Python "
"for commercial use, to sell copies of Python in source or binary form "
"(modified or unmodified), or to sell products that incorporate Python in "
"some form. We would still like to know about all commercial use of Python, "
"of course."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:56
msgid ""
"See `the PSF license page <https://www.python.org/psf/license/>`_ to find "
"further explanations and a link to the full text of the license."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:59
msgid ""
"The Python logo is trademarked, and in certain cases permission is required "
"to use it. Consult `the Trademark Usage Policy <https://www.python.org/psf/"
"trademarks/>`__ for more information."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:65
msgid "Why was Python created in the first place?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:67
msgid ""
"Here's a *very* brief summary of what started it all, written by Guido van "
"Rossum:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:70
msgid ""
"I had extensive experience with implementing an interpreted language in the "
"ABC group at CWI, and from working with this group I had learned a lot about "
"language design. This is the origin of many Python features, including the "
"use of indentation for statement grouping and the inclusion of very-high-"
"level data types (although the details are all different in Python)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:77
msgid ""
"I had a number of gripes about the ABC language, but also liked many of its "
"features. It was impossible to extend the ABC language (or its "
"implementation) to remedy my complaints -- in fact its lack of extensibility "
"was one of its biggest problems. I had some experience with using Modula-2+ "
"and talked with the designers of Modula-3 and read the Modula-3 report. "
"Modula-3 is the origin of the syntax and semantics used for exceptions, and "
"some other Python features."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:85
msgid ""
"I was working in the Amoeba distributed operating system group at CWI. We "
"needed a better way to do system administration than by writing either C "
"programs or Bourne shell scripts, since Amoeba had its own system call "
"interface which wasn't easily accessible from the Bourne shell. My "
"experience with error handling in Amoeba made me acutely aware of the "
"importance of exceptions as a programming language feature."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:92
msgid ""
"It occurred to me that a scripting language with a syntax like ABC but with "
"access to the Amoeba system calls would fill the need. I realized that it "
"would be foolish to write an Amoeba-specific language, so I decided that I "
"needed a language that was generally extensible."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:97
msgid ""
"During the 1989 Christmas holidays, I had a lot of time on my hand, so I "
"decided to give it a try. During the next year, while still mostly working "
"on it in my own time, Python was used in the Amoeba project with increasing "
"success, and the feedback from colleagues made me add many early "
"improvements."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:103
msgid ""
"In February 1991, after just over a year of development, I decided to post "
"to USENET. The rest is in the ``Misc/HISTORY`` file."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:108
msgid "What is Python good for?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:110
msgid ""
"Python is a high-level general-purpose programming language that can be "
"applied to many different classes of problems."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:113
msgid ""
"The language comes with a large standard library that covers areas such as "
"string processing (regular expressions, Unicode, calculating differences "
"between files), Internet protocols (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, XML-RPC, POP, IMAP, CGI "
"programming), software engineering (unit testing, logging, profiling, "
"parsing Python code), and operating system interfaces (system calls, "
"filesystems, TCP/IP sockets). Look at the table of contents for :ref:"
"`library-index` to get an idea of what's available. A wide variety of third-"
"party extensions are also available. Consult `the Python Package Index "
"<https://pypi.python.org/pypi>`_ to find packages of interest to you."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:125
msgid "How does the Python version numbering scheme work?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:127
msgid ""
"Python versions are numbered A.B.C or A.B. A is the major version number -- "
"it is only incremented for really major changes in the language. B is the "
"minor version number, incremented for less earth-shattering changes. C is "
"the micro-level -- it is incremented for each bugfix release. See :pep:`6` "
"for more information about bugfix releases."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:133
msgid ""
"Not all releases are bugfix releases. In the run-up to a new major release, "
"a series of development releases are made, denoted as alpha, beta, or "
"release candidate. Alphas are early releases in which interfaces aren't yet "
"finalized; it's not unexpected to see an interface change between two alpha "
"releases. Betas are more stable, preserving existing interfaces but possibly "
"adding new modules, and release candidates are frozen, making no changes "
"except as needed to fix critical bugs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:141
msgid ""
"Alpha, beta and release candidate versions have an additional suffix. The "
"suffix for an alpha version is \"aN\" for some small number N, the suffix "
"for a beta version is \"bN\" for some small number N, and the suffix for a "
"release candidate version is \"cN\" for some small number N. In other "
"words, all versions labeled 2.0aN precede the versions labeled 2.0bN, which "
"precede versions labeled 2.0cN, and *those* precede 2.0."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:148
msgid ""
"You may also find version numbers with a \"+\" suffix, e.g. \"2.2+\". These "
"are unreleased versions, built directly from the CPython development "
"repository. In practice, after a final minor release is made, the version "
"is incremented to the next minor version, which becomes the \"a0\" version, "
"e.g. \"2.4a0\"."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:153
msgid ""
"See also the documentation for :data:`sys.version`, :data:`sys.hexversion`, "
"and :data:`sys.version_info`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:158
msgid "How do I obtain a copy of the Python source?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:160
msgid ""
"The latest Python source distribution is always available from python.org, "
"at https://www.python.org/downloads/. The latest development sources can be "
"obtained via anonymous Mercurial access at https://hg.python.org/cpython."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:164
msgid ""
"The source distribution is a gzipped tar file containing the complete C "
"source, Sphinx-formatted documentation, Python library modules, example "
"programs, and several useful pieces of freely distributable software. The "
"source will compile and run out of the box on most UNIX platforms."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:169
msgid ""
"Consult the `Getting Started section of the Python Developer's Guide "
"<https://docs.python.org/devguide/setup.html>`__ for more information on "
"getting the source code and compiling it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:175
msgid "How do I get documentation on Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:179
msgid ""
"The standard documentation for the current stable version of Python is "
"available at https://docs.python.org/3/. PDF, plain text, and downloadable "
"HTML versions are also available at https://docs.python.org/3/download.html."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:183
msgid ""
"The documentation is written in reStructuredText and processed by `the "
"Sphinx documentation tool <http://sphinx-doc.org/>`__. The reStructuredText "
"source for the documentation is part of the Python source distribution."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:189
msgid "I've never programmed before. Is there a Python tutorial?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:191
msgid ""
"There are numerous tutorials and books available. The standard "
"documentation includes :ref:`tutorial-index`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:194
msgid ""
"Consult `the Beginner's Guide <https://wiki.python.org/moin/"
"BeginnersGuide>`_ to find information for beginning Python programmers, "
"including lists of tutorials."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:199
msgid "Is there a newsgroup or mailing list devoted to Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:201
msgid ""
"There is a newsgroup, :newsgroup:`comp.lang.python`, and a mailing list, "
"`python-list <https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list>`_. The "
"newsgroup and mailing list are gatewayed into each other -- if you can read "
"news it's unnecessary to subscribe to the mailing list. :newsgroup:`comp."
"lang.python` is high-traffic, receiving hundreds of postings every day, and "
"Usenet readers are often more able to cope with this volume."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:208
msgid ""
"Announcements of new software releases and events can be found in comp.lang."
"python.announce, a low-traffic moderated list that receives about five "
"postings per day. It's available as `the python-announce mailing list "
"<https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:213
msgid ""
"More info about other mailing lists and newsgroups can be found at https://"
"www.python.org/community/lists/."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:218
msgid "How do I get a beta test version of Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:220
msgid ""
"Alpha and beta releases are available from https://www.python.org/"
"downloads/. All releases are announced on the comp.lang.python and comp."
"lang.python.announce newsgroups and on the Python home page at https://www."
"python.org/; an RSS feed of news is available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:225
msgid ""
"You can also access the development version of Python through Mercurial. "
"See https://docs.python.org/devguide/faq.html for details."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:230
msgid "How do I submit bug reports and patches for Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:232
msgid ""
"To report a bug or submit a patch, please use the Roundup installation at "
"https://bugs.python.org/."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:235
msgid ""
"You must have a Roundup account to report bugs; this makes it possible for "
"us to contact you if we have follow-up questions. It will also enable "
"Roundup to send you updates as we act on your bug. If you had previously "
"used SourceForge to report bugs to Python, you can obtain your Roundup "
"password through Roundup's `password reset procedure <https://bugs.python."
"org/user?@template=forgotten>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:241
msgid ""
"For more information on how Python is developed, consult `the Python "
"Developer's Guide <https://docs.python.org/devguide/>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:246
msgid "Are there any published articles about Python that I can reference?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:248
msgid "It's probably best to cite your favorite book about Python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:250
msgid ""
"The very first article about Python was written in 1991 and is now quite "
"outdated."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:253
msgid ""
"Guido van Rossum and Jelke de Boer, \"Interactively Testing Remote Servers "
"Using the Python Programming Language\", CWI Quarterly, Volume 4, Issue 4 "
"(December 1991), Amsterdam, pp 283-303."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:259
msgid "Are there any books on Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:261
msgid ""
"Yes, there are many, and more are being published. See the python.org wiki "
"at https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonBooks for a list."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:264
msgid ""
"You can also search online bookstores for \"Python\" and filter out the "
"Monty Python references; or perhaps search for \"Python\" and \"language\"."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:269
msgid "Where in the world is www.python.org located?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:271
msgid ""
"The Python project's infrastructure is located all over the world. `www."
"python.org <https://www.python.org>`_ is graciously hosted by `Rackspace "
"<https://www.rackspace.com>`_, with CDN caching provided by `Fastly <https://"
"www.fastly.com>`_. `Upfront Systems <http://www.upfrontsystems.co.za/>`_ "
"hosts `bugs.python.org <https://bugs.python.org>`_. Many other Python "
"services like `the Wiki <https://wiki.python.org>`_ are hosted by `Oregon "
"State University Open Source Lab <https://osuosl.org>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:282
msgid "Why is it called Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:284
msgid ""
"When he began implementing Python, Guido van Rossum was also reading the "
"published scripts from `\"Monty Python's Flying Circus\" <https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Python>`__, a BBC comedy series from the 1970s. "
"Van Rossum thought he needed a name that was short, unique, and slightly "
"mysterious, so he decided to call the language Python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:292
msgid "Do I have to like \"Monty Python's Flying Circus\"?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:294
msgid "No, but it helps. :)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:298
msgid "Python in the real world"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:301
msgid "How stable is Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:303
msgid ""
"Very stable. New, stable releases have been coming out roughly every 6 to "
"18 months since 1991, and this seems likely to continue. Currently there "
"are usually around 18 months between major releases."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:307
msgid ""
"The developers issue \"bugfix\" releases of older versions, so the stability "
"of existing releases gradually improves. Bugfix releases, indicated by a "
"third component of the version number (e.g. 2.5.3, 2.6.2), are managed for "
"stability; only fixes for known problems are included in a bugfix release, "
"and it's guaranteed that interfaces will remain the same throughout a series "
"of bugfix releases."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:314
msgid ""
"The latest stable releases can always be found on the `Python download page "
"<https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_. There are two recommended production-"
"ready versions at this point in time, because at the moment there are two "
"branches of stable releases: 2.x and 3.x. Python 3.x may be less useful "
"than 2.x, since currently there is more third party software available for "
"Python 2 than for Python 3. Python 2 code will generally not run unchanged "
"in Python 3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:323
msgid "How many people are using Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:325
msgid ""
"There are probably tens of thousands of users, though it's difficult to "
"obtain an exact count."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:328
msgid ""
"Python is available for free download, so there are no sales figures, and "
"it's available from many different sites and packaged with many Linux "
"distributions, so download statistics don't tell the whole story either."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:332
msgid ""
"The comp.lang.python newsgroup is very active, but not all Python users post "
"to the group or even read it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:337
msgid "Have any significant projects been done in Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:339
msgid ""
"See https://www.python.org/about/success for a list of projects that use "
"Python. Consulting the proceedings for `past Python conferences <https://www."
"python.org/community/workshops/>`_ will reveal contributions from many "
"different companies and organizations."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:344
msgid ""
"High-profile Python projects include `the Mailman mailing list manager "
"<http://www.list.org>`_ and `the Zope application server <http://www.zope."
"org>`_. Several Linux distributions, most notably `Red Hat <https://www."
"redhat.com>`_, have written part or all of their installer and system "
"administration software in Python. Companies that use Python internally "
"include Google, Yahoo, and Lucasfilm Ltd."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:353
msgid "What new developments are expected for Python in the future?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:355
msgid ""
"See https://www.python.org/dev/peps/ for the Python Enhancement Proposals "
"(PEPs). PEPs are design documents describing a suggested new feature for "
"Python, providing a concise technical specification and a rationale. Look "
"for a PEP titled \"Python X.Y Release Schedule\", where X.Y is a version "
"that hasn't been publicly released yet."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:361
msgid ""
"New development is discussed on `the python-dev mailing list <https://mail."
"python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-dev/>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:366
msgid "Is it reasonable to propose incompatible changes to Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:368
msgid ""
"In general, no. There are already millions of lines of Python code around "
"the world, so any change in the language that invalidates more than a very "
"small fraction of existing programs has to be frowned upon. Even if you can "
"provide a conversion program, there's still the problem of updating all "
"documentation; many books have been written about Python, and we don't want "
"to invalidate them all at a single stroke."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:375
msgid ""
"Providing a gradual upgrade path is necessary if a feature has to be "
"changed. :pep:`5` describes the procedure followed for introducing backward-"
"incompatible changes while minimizing disruption for users."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:381
msgid "Is Python a good language for beginning programmers?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:383
msgid "Yes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:385
msgid ""
"It is still common to start students with a procedural and statically typed "
"language such as Pascal, C, or a subset of C++ or Java. Students may be "
"better served by learning Python as their first language. Python has a very "
"simple and consistent syntax and a large standard library and, most "
"importantly, using Python in a beginning programming course lets students "
"concentrate on important programming skills such as problem decomposition "
"and data type design. With Python, students can be quickly introduced to "
"basic concepts such as loops and procedures. They can probably even work "
"with user-defined objects in their very first course."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:395
msgid ""
"For a student who has never programmed before, using a statically typed "
"language seems unnatural. It presents additional complexity that the "
"student must master and slows the pace of the course. The students are "
"trying to learn to think like a computer, decompose problems, design "
"consistent interfaces, and encapsulate data. While learning to use a "
"statically typed language is important in the long term, it is not "
"necessarily the best topic to address in the students' first programming "
"course."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:403
msgid ""
"Many other aspects of Python make it a good first language. Like Java, "
"Python has a large standard library so that students can be assigned "
"programming projects very early in the course that *do* something. "
"Assignments aren't restricted to the standard four-function calculator and "
"check balancing programs. By using the standard library, students can gain "
"the satisfaction of working on realistic applications as they learn the "
"fundamentals of programming. Using the standard library also teaches "
"students about code reuse. Third-party modules such as PyGame are also "
"helpful in extending the students' reach."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:412
msgid ""
"Python's interactive interpreter enables students to test language features "
"while they're programming. They can keep a window with the interpreter "
"running while they enter their program's source in another window. If they "
"can't remember the methods for a list, they can do something like this::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:441
msgid ""
"With the interpreter, documentation is never far from the student as they "
"are programming."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:444
msgid ""
"There are also good IDEs for Python. IDLE is a cross-platform IDE for "
"Python that is written in Python using Tkinter. PythonWin is a Windows-"
"specific IDE. Emacs users will be happy to know that there is a very good "
"Python mode for Emacs. All of these programming environments provide syntax "
"highlighting, auto-indenting, and access to the interactive interpreter "
"while coding. Consult `the Python wiki <https://wiki.python.org/moin/"
"PythonEditors>`_ for a full list of Python editing environments."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/general.rst:452
msgid ""
"If you want to discuss Python's use in education, you may be interested in "
"joining `the edu-sig mailing list <https://www.python.org/community/sigs/"
"current/edu-sig>`_."
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:5
msgid "Graphic User Interface FAQ"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:15
msgid "General GUI Questions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:18
msgid "What platform-independent GUI toolkits exist for Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:20
msgid ""
"Depending on what platform(s) you are aiming at, there are several. Some of "
"them haven't been ported to Python 3 yet. At least `Tkinter`_ and `Qt`_ are "
"known to be Python 3-compatible."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:27
msgid "Tkinter"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:29
msgid ""
"Standard builds of Python include an object-oriented interface to the Tcl/Tk "
"widget set, called :ref:`tkinter <Tkinter>`. This is probably the easiest "
"to install (since it comes included with most `binary distributions <https://"
"www.python.org/downloads/>`_ of Python) and use. For more info about Tk, "
"including pointers to the source, see the `Tcl/Tk home page <https://www.tcl."
"tk>`_. Tcl/Tk is fully portable to the Mac OS X, Windows, and Unix "
"platforms."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:38
msgid "wxWidgets"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:40
msgid ""
"wxWidgets (https://www.wxwidgets.org) is a free, portable GUI class library "
"written in C++ that provides a native look and feel on a number of "
"platforms, with Windows, Mac OS X, GTK, X11, all listed as current stable "
"targets. Language bindings are available for a number of languages "
"including Python, Perl, Ruby, etc."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:46
msgid ""
"wxPython (http://www.wxpython.org) is the Python binding for wxwidgets. "
"While it often lags slightly behind the official wxWidgets releases, it also "
"offers a number of features via pure Python extensions that are not "
"available in other language bindings. There is an active wxPython user and "
"developer community."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:52
msgid ""
"Both wxWidgets and wxPython are free, open source, software with permissive "
"licences that allow their use in commercial products as well as in freeware "
"or shareware."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:58
msgid "Qt"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:60
msgid ""
"There are bindings available for the Qt toolkit (using either `PyQt <https://"
"riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/intro>`_ or `PySide <https://wiki.qt.io/"
"PySide>`_) and for KDE (`PyKDE4 <https://techbase.kde.org/Languages/Python/"
"Using_PyKDE_4>`__). PyQt is currently more mature than PySide, but you must "
"buy a PyQt license from `Riverbank Computing <https://www.riverbankcomputing."
"com/commercial/license-faq>`_ if you want to write proprietary "
"applications. PySide is free for all applications."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:67
msgid ""
"Qt 4.5 upwards is licensed under the LGPL license; also, commercial licenses "
"are available from `The Qt Company <https://www.qt.io/licensing/>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:71
msgid "Gtk+"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:73
msgid ""
"The `GObject introspection bindings <https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/"
"PyGObject>`_ for Python allow you to write GTK+ 3 applications. There is "
"also a `Python GTK+ 3 Tutorial <https://python-gtk-3-tutorial.readthedocs."
"org/en/latest/>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:77
msgid ""
"The older PyGtk bindings for the `Gtk+ 2 toolkit <http://www.gtk.org>`_ have "
"been implemented by James Henstridge; see <http://www.pygtk.org>."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:81
msgid "FLTK"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:83
msgid ""
"Python bindings for `the FLTK toolkit <http://www.fltk.org>`_, a simple yet "
"powerful and mature cross-platform windowing system, are available from `the "
"PyFLTK project <http://pyfltk.sourceforge.net>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:89
msgid "FOX"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:91
msgid ""
"A wrapper for `the FOX toolkit <http://www.fox-toolkit.org/>`_ called `FXpy "
"<http://fxpy.sourceforge.net/>`_ is available. FOX supports both Unix "
"variants and Windows."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:97
msgid "OpenGL"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:99
msgid "For OpenGL bindings, see `PyOpenGL <http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:103
msgid "What platform-specific GUI toolkits exist for Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:105
msgid ""
"By installing the `PyObjc Objective-C bridge <https://pythonhosted.org/"
"pyobjc/>`_, Python programs can use Mac OS X's Cocoa libraries."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:109
msgid ""
":ref:`Pythonwin <windows-faq>` by Mark Hammond includes an interface to the "
"Microsoft Foundation Classes and a Python programming environment that's "
"written mostly in Python using the MFC classes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:115
msgid "Tkinter questions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:118
msgid "How do I freeze Tkinter applications?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:120
msgid ""
"Freeze is a tool to create stand-alone applications. When freezing Tkinter "
"applications, the applications will not be truly stand-alone, as the "
"application will still need the Tcl and Tk libraries."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:124
msgid ""
"One solution is to ship the application with the Tcl and Tk libraries, and "
"point to them at run-time using the :envvar:`TCL_LIBRARY` and :envvar:"
"`TK_LIBRARY` environment variables."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:128
msgid ""
"To get truly stand-alone applications, the Tcl scripts that form the library "
"have to be integrated into the application as well. One tool supporting that "
"is SAM (stand-alone modules), which is part of the Tix distribution (http://"
"tix.sourceforge.net/)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:133
msgid ""
"Build Tix with SAM enabled, perform the appropriate call to :c:func:"
"`Tclsam_init`, etc. inside Python's :file:`Modules/tkappinit.c`, and link "
"with libtclsam and libtksam (you might include the Tix libraries as well)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:140
msgid "Can I have Tk events handled while waiting for I/O?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:142
msgid ""
"On platforms other than Windows, yes, and you don't even need threads! But "
"you'll have to restructure your I/O code a bit. Tk has the equivalent of "
"Xt's :c:func:`XtAddInput()` call, which allows you to register a callback "
"function which will be called from the Tk mainloop when I/O is possible on a "
"file descriptor. See :ref:`tkinter-file-handlers`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:150
msgid "I can't get key bindings to work in Tkinter: why?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:152
msgid ""
"An often-heard complaint is that event handlers bound to events with the :"
"meth:`bind` method don't get handled even when the appropriate key is "
"pressed."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/gui.rst:155
msgid ""
"The most common cause is that the widget to which the binding applies "
"doesn't have \"keyboard focus\". Check out the Tk documentation for the "
"focus command. Usually a widget is given the keyboard focus by clicking in "
"it (but not for labels; see the takefocus option)."
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/index.rst:5
msgid "Python Frequently Asked Questions"
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:3
msgid "\"Why is Python Installed on my Computer?\" FAQ"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:6
msgid "What is Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:8
msgid ""
"Python is a programming language. It's used for many different "
"applications. It's used in some high schools and colleges as an introductory "
"programming language because Python is easy to learn, but it's also used by "
"professional software developers at places such as Google, NASA, and "
"Lucasfilm Ltd."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:13
msgid ""
"If you wish to learn more about Python, start with the `Beginner's Guide to "
"Python <https://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:18
msgid "Why is Python installed on my machine?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:20
msgid ""
"If you find Python installed on your system but don't remember installing "
"it, there are several possible ways it could have gotten there."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:23
msgid ""
"Perhaps another user on the computer wanted to learn programming and "
"installed it; you'll have to figure out who's been using the machine and "
"might have installed it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:26
msgid ""
"A third-party application installed on the machine might have been written "
"in Python and included a Python installation. There are many such "
"applications, from GUI programs to network servers and administrative "
"scripts."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:29
msgid ""
"Some Windows machines also have Python installed. At this writing we're "
"aware of computers from Hewlett-Packard and Compaq that include Python. "
"Apparently some of HP/Compaq's administrative tools are written in Python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:32
msgid ""
"Many Unix-compatible operating systems, such as Mac OS X and some Linux "
"distributions, have Python installed by default; it's included in the base "
"installation."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:38
msgid "Can I delete Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:40
msgid "That depends on where Python came from."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:42
msgid ""
"If someone installed it deliberately, you can remove it without hurting "
"anything. On Windows, use the Add/Remove Programs icon in the Control Panel."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:45
msgid ""
"If Python was installed by a third-party application, you can also remove "
"it, but that application will no longer work. You should use that "
"application's uninstaller rather than removing Python directly."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/installed.rst:49
msgid ""
"If Python came with your operating system, removing it is not recommended. "
"If you remove it, whatever tools were written in Python will no longer run, "
"and some of them might be important to you. Reinstalling the whole system "
"would then be required to fix things again."
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
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#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:5
msgid "Library and Extension FAQ"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:12
msgid "General Library Questions"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:15
msgid "How do I find a module or application to perform task X?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:17
msgid ""
"Check :ref:`the Library Reference <library-index>` to see if there's a "
"relevant standard library module. (Eventually you'll learn what's in the "
"standard library and will be able to skip this step.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:21
msgid ""
"For third-party packages, search the `Python Package Index <https://pypi."
"python.org/pypi>`_ or try `Google <https://www.google.com>`_ or another Web "
"search engine. Searching for \"Python\" plus a keyword or two for your "
"topic of interest will usually find something helpful."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:28
msgid "Where is the math.py (socket.py, regex.py, etc.) source file?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:30
msgid ""
"If you can't find a source file for a module it may be a built-in or "
"dynamically loaded module implemented in C, C++ or other compiled language. "
"In this case you may not have the source file or it may be something like :"
"file:`mathmodule.c`, somewhere in a C source directory (not on the Python "
"Path)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:35
msgid "There are (at least) three kinds of modules in Python:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:37
msgid "modules written in Python (.py);"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:38
msgid ""
"modules written in C and dynamically loaded (.dll, .pyd, .so, .sl, etc);"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:39
msgid ""
"modules written in C and linked with the interpreter; to get a list of "
"these, type::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:47
msgid "How do I make a Python script executable on Unix?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:49
msgid ""
"You need to do two things: the script file's mode must be executable and the "
"first line must begin with ``#!`` followed by the path of the Python "
"interpreter."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:53
msgid ""
"The first is done by executing ``chmod +x scriptfile`` or perhaps ``chmod "
"755 scriptfile``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:56
msgid ""
"The second can be done in a number of ways. The most straightforward way is "
"to write ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:61
msgid ""
"as the very first line of your file, using the pathname for where the Python "
"interpreter is installed on your platform."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:64
msgid ""
"If you would like the script to be independent of where the Python "
"interpreter lives, you can use the :program:`env` program. Almost all Unix "
"variants support the following, assuming the Python interpreter is in a "
"directory on the user's :envvar:`PATH`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:71
msgid ""
"*Don't* do this for CGI scripts. The :envvar:`PATH` variable for CGI "
"scripts is often very minimal, so you need to use the actual absolute "
"pathname of the interpreter."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:75
msgid ""
"Occasionally, a user's environment is so full that the :program:`/usr/bin/"
"env` program fails; or there's no env program at all. In that case, you can "
"try the following hack (due to Alex Rezinsky)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:84
msgid ""
"The minor disadvantage is that this defines the script's __doc__ string. "
"However, you can fix that by adding ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:92
msgid "Is there a curses/termcap package for Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:96
msgid ""
"For Unix variants: The standard Python source distribution comes with a "
"curses module in the :source:`Modules` subdirectory, though it's not "
"compiled by default. (Note that this is not available in the Windows "
"distribution -- there is no curses module for Windows.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:101
msgid ""
"The :mod:`curses` module supports basic curses features as well as many "
"additional functions from ncurses and SYSV curses such as colour, "
"alternative character set support, pads, and mouse support. This means the "
"module isn't compatible with operating systems that only have BSD curses, "
"but there don't seem to be any currently maintained OSes that fall into this "
"category."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:107
msgid ""
"For Windows: use `the consolelib module <http://effbot.org/zone/console-"
"index.htm>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:112
msgid "Is there an equivalent to C's onexit() in Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:114
msgid ""
"The :mod:`atexit` module provides a register function that is similar to "
"C's :c:func:`onexit`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:119
msgid "Why don't my signal handlers work?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:121
msgid ""
"The most common problem is that the signal handler is declared with the "
"wrong argument list. It is called as ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:126
msgid "so it should be declared with two arguments::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:133
msgid "Common tasks"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:136
msgid "How do I test a Python program or component?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:138
msgid ""
"Python comes with two testing frameworks. The :mod:`doctest` module finds "
"examples in the docstrings for a module and runs them, comparing the output "
"with the expected output given in the docstring."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:142
msgid ""
"The :mod:`unittest` module is a fancier testing framework modelled on Java "
"and Smalltalk testing frameworks."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:145
msgid ""
"To make testing easier, you should use good modular design in your program. "
"Your program should have almost all functionality encapsulated in either "
"functions or class methods -- and this sometimes has the surprising and "
"delightful effect of making the program run faster (because local variable "
"accesses are faster than global accesses). Furthermore the program should "
"avoid depending on mutating global variables, since this makes testing much "
"more difficult to do."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:153
msgid "The \"global main logic\" of your program may be as simple as ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:158
msgid "at the bottom of the main module of your program."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:160
msgid ""
"Once your program is organized as a tractable collection of functions and "
"class behaviours you should write test functions that exercise the "
"behaviours. A test suite that automates a sequence of tests can be "
"associated with each module. This sounds like a lot of work, but since "
"Python is so terse and flexible it's surprisingly easy. You can make coding "
"much more pleasant and fun by writing your test functions in parallel with "
"the \"production code\", since this makes it easy to find bugs and even "
"design flaws earlier."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:168
msgid ""
"\"Support modules\" that are not intended to be the main module of a program "
"may include a self-test of the module. ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:174
msgid ""
"Even programs that interact with complex external interfaces may be tested "
"when the external interfaces are unavailable by using \"fake\" interfaces "
"implemented in Python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:180
msgid "How do I create documentation from doc strings?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:182
msgid ""
"The :mod:`pydoc` module can create HTML from the doc strings in your Python "
"source code. An alternative for creating API documentation purely from "
"docstrings is `epydoc <http://epydoc.sourceforge.net/>`_. `Sphinx <http://"
"sphinx-doc.org>`_ can also include docstring content."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:189
msgid "How do I get a single keypress at a time?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:191
msgid ""
"For Unix variants there are several solutions. It's straightforward to do "
"this using curses, but curses is a fairly large module to learn."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:235
msgid "Threads"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:238
msgid "How do I program using threads?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:240
msgid ""
"Be sure to use the :mod:`threading` module and not the :mod:`_thread` "
"module. The :mod:`threading` module builds convenient abstractions on top of "
"the low-level primitives provided by the :mod:`_thread` module."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:244
msgid ""
"Aahz has a set of slides from his threading tutorial that are helpful; see "
"http://www.pythoncraft.com/OSCON2001/."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:249
msgid "None of my threads seem to run: why?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:251
msgid ""
"As soon as the main thread exits, all threads are killed. Your main thread "
"is running too quickly, giving the threads no time to do any work."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:254
msgid ""
"A simple fix is to add a sleep to the end of the program that's long enough "
"for all the threads to finish::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:269
msgid ""
"But now (on many platforms) the threads don't run in parallel, but appear to "
"run sequentially, one at a time! The reason is that the OS thread scheduler "
"doesn't start a new thread until the previous thread is blocked."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:273
msgid "A simple fix is to add a tiny sleep to the start of the run function::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:286
msgid ""
"Instead of trying to guess a good delay value for :func:`time.sleep`, it's "
"better to use some kind of semaphore mechanism. One idea is to use the :mod:"
"`queue` module to create a queue object, let each thread append a token to "
"the queue when it finishes, and let the main thread read as many tokens from "
"the queue as there are threads."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:294
msgid "How do I parcel out work among a bunch of worker threads?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:296
msgid ""
"The easiest way is to use the new :mod:`concurrent.futures` module, "
"especially the :mod:`~concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor` class."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:299
msgid ""
"Or, if you want fine control over the dispatching algorithm, you can write "
"your own logic manually. Use the :mod:`queue` module to create a queue "
"containing a list of jobs. The :class:`~queue.Queue` class maintains a list "
"of objects and has a ``.put(obj)`` method that adds items to the queue and a "
"``.get()`` method to return them. The class will take care of the locking "
"necessary to ensure that each job is handed out exactly once."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:306
msgid "Here's a trivial example::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:344
msgid "When run, this will produce the following output:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:362
msgid ""
"Consult the module's documentation for more details; the :class:`~queue."
"Queue` class provides a featureful interface."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:367
msgid "What kinds of global value mutation are thread-safe?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:369
msgid ""
"A :term:`global interpreter lock` (GIL) is used internally to ensure that "
"only one thread runs in the Python VM at a time. In general, Python offers "
"to switch among threads only between bytecode instructions; how frequently "
"it switches can be set via :func:`sys.setswitchinterval`. Each bytecode "
"instruction and therefore all the C implementation code reached from each "
"instruction is therefore atomic from the point of view of a Python program."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:376
msgid ""
"In theory, this means an exact accounting requires an exact understanding of "
"the PVM bytecode implementation. In practice, it means that operations on "
"shared variables of built-in data types (ints, lists, dicts, etc) that "
"\"look atomic\" really are."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:381
msgid ""
"For example, the following operations are all atomic (L, L1, L2 are lists, "
"D, D1, D2 are dicts, x, y are objects, i, j are ints)::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:396
msgid "These aren't::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:403
msgid ""
"Operations that replace other objects may invoke those other objects' :meth:"
"`__del__` method when their reference count reaches zero, and that can "
"affect things. This is especially true for the mass updates to dictionaries "
"and lists. When in doubt, use a mutex!"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:410
msgid "Can't we get rid of the Global Interpreter Lock?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:414
msgid ""
"The :term:`global interpreter lock` (GIL) is often seen as a hindrance to "
"Python's deployment on high-end multiprocessor server machines, because a "
"multi-threaded Python program effectively only uses one CPU, due to the "
"insistence that (almost) all Python code can only run while the GIL is held."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:419
msgid ""
"Back in the days of Python 1.5, Greg Stein actually implemented a "
"comprehensive patch set (the \"free threading\" patches) that removed the "
"GIL and replaced it with fine-grained locking. Adam Olsen recently did a "
"similar experiment in his `python-safethread <http://code.google.com/p/"
"python-safethread/>`_ project. Unfortunately, both experiments exhibited a "
"sharp drop in single-thread performance (at least 30% slower), due to the "
"amount of fine-grained locking necessary to compensate for the removal of "
"the GIL."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:427
msgid ""
"This doesn't mean that you can't make good use of Python on multi-CPU "
"machines! You just have to be creative with dividing the work up between "
"multiple *processes* rather than multiple *threads*. The :class:"
"`~concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor` class in the new :mod:`concurrent."
"futures` module provides an easy way of doing so; the :mod:`multiprocessing` "
"module provides a lower-level API in case you want more control over "
"dispatching of tasks."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:435
msgid ""
"Judicious use of C extensions will also help; if you use a C extension to "
"perform a time-consuming task, the extension can release the GIL while the "
"thread of execution is in the C code and allow other threads to get some "
"work done. Some standard library modules such as :mod:`zlib` and :mod:"
"`hashlib` already do this."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:441
msgid ""
"It has been suggested that the GIL should be a per-interpreter-state lock "
"rather than truly global; interpreters then wouldn't be able to share "
"objects. Unfortunately, this isn't likely to happen either. It would be a "
"tremendous amount of work, because many object implementations currently "
"have global state. For example, small integers and short strings are cached; "
"these caches would have to be moved to the interpreter state. Other object "
"types have their own free list; these free lists would have to be moved to "
"the interpreter state. And so on."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:450
msgid ""
"And I doubt that it can even be done in finite time, because the same "
"problem exists for 3rd party extensions. It is likely that 3rd party "
"extensions are being written at a faster rate than you can convert them to "
"store all their global state in the interpreter state."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:455
msgid ""
"And finally, once you have multiple interpreters not sharing any state, what "
"have you gained over running each interpreter in a separate process?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:460
msgid "Input and Output"
msgstr "Les entrées/sorties"
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:463
msgid "How do I delete a file? (And other file questions...)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:465
msgid ""
"Use ``os.remove(filename)`` or ``os.unlink(filename)``; for documentation, "
"see the :mod:`os` module. The two functions are identical; :func:`~os."
"unlink` is simply the name of the Unix system call for this function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:469
msgid ""
"To remove a directory, use :func:`os.rmdir`; use :func:`os.mkdir` to create "
"one. ``os.makedirs(path)`` will create any intermediate directories in "
"``path`` that don't exist. ``os.removedirs(path)`` will remove intermediate "
"directories as long as they're empty; if you want to delete an entire "
"directory tree and its contents, use :func:`shutil.rmtree`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:475
msgid "To rename a file, use ``os.rename(old_path, new_path)``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:477
msgid ""
"To truncate a file, open it using ``f = open(filename, \"rb+\")``, and use "
"``f.truncate(offset)``; offset defaults to the current seek position. "
"There's also ``os.ftruncate(fd, offset)`` for files opened with :func:`os."
"open`, where *fd* is the file descriptor (a small integer)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:482
msgid ""
"The :mod:`shutil` module also contains a number of functions to work on "
"files including :func:`~shutil.copyfile`, :func:`~shutil.copytree`, and :"
"func:`~shutil.rmtree`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:488
msgid "How do I copy a file?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:490
msgid ""
"The :mod:`shutil` module contains a :func:`~shutil.copyfile` function. Note "
"that on MacOS 9 it doesn't copy the resource fork and Finder info."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:495
msgid "How do I read (or write) binary data?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:497
msgid ""
"To read or write complex binary data formats, it's best to use the :mod:"
"`struct` module. It allows you to take a string containing binary data "
"(usually numbers) and convert it to Python objects; and vice versa."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:501
msgid ""
"For example, the following code reads two 2-byte integers and one 4-byte "
"integer in big-endian format from a file::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:510
msgid ""
"The '>' in the format string forces big-endian data; the letter 'h' reads "
"one \"short integer\" (2 bytes), and 'l' reads one \"long integer\" (4 "
"bytes) from the string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:514
msgid ""
"For data that is more regular (e.g. a homogeneous list of ints or floats), "
"you can also use the :mod:`array` module."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:519
msgid ""
"To read and write binary data, it is mandatory to open the file in binary "
"mode (here, passing ``\"rb\"`` to :func:`open`). If you use ``\"r\"`` "
"instead (the default), the file will be open in text mode and ``f.read()`` "
"will return :class:`str` objects rather than :class:`bytes` objects."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:527
msgid "I can't seem to use os.read() on a pipe created with os.popen(); why?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:529
msgid ""
":func:`os.read` is a low-level function which takes a file descriptor, a "
"small integer representing the opened file. :func:`os.popen` creates a high-"
"level file object, the same type returned by the built-in :func:`open` "
"function. Thus, to read *n* bytes from a pipe *p* created with :func:`os."
"popen`, you need to use ``p.read(n)``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:616
msgid "How do I access the serial (RS232) port?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:618
msgid "For Win32, POSIX (Linux, BSD, etc.), Jython:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:620
msgid "http://pyserial.sourceforge.net"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:622
msgid "For Unix, see a Usenet post by Mitch Chapman:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:624
msgid "https://groups.google.com/groups?selm=34A04430.CF9@ohioee.com"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:628
msgid "Why doesn't closing sys.stdout (stdin, stderr) really close it?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:630
msgid ""
"Python :term:`file objects <file object>` are a high-level layer of "
"abstraction on low-level C file descriptors."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:633
msgid ""
"For most file objects you create in Python via the built-in :func:`open` "
"function, ``f.close()`` marks the Python file object as being closed from "
"Python's point of view, and also arranges to close the underlying C file "
"descriptor. This also happens automatically in ``f``'s destructor, when "
"``f`` becomes garbage."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:639
msgid ""
"But stdin, stdout and stderr are treated specially by Python, because of the "
"special status also given to them by C. Running ``sys.stdout.close()`` "
"marks the Python-level file object as being closed, but does *not* close the "
"associated C file descriptor."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:644
msgid ""
"To close the underlying C file descriptor for one of these three, you should "
"first be sure that's what you really want to do (e.g., you may confuse "
"extension modules trying to do I/O). If it is, use :func:`os.close`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:652
msgid "Or you can use the numeric constants 0, 1 and 2, respectively."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:656
msgid "Network/Internet Programming"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:659
msgid "What WWW tools are there for Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:661
msgid ""
"See the chapters titled :ref:`internet` and :ref:`netdata` in the Library "
"Reference Manual. Python has many modules that will help you build server-"
"side and client-side web systems."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:667
msgid ""
"A summary of available frameworks is maintained by Paul Boddie at https://"
"wiki.python.org/moin/WebProgramming\\ ."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:670
msgid ""
"Cameron Laird maintains a useful set of pages about Python web technologies "
"at http://phaseit.net/claird/comp.lang.python/web_python."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:675
msgid "How can I mimic CGI form submission (METHOD=POST)?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:677
msgid ""
"I would like to retrieve web pages that are the result of POSTing a form. Is "
"there existing code that would let me do this easily?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:680
msgid "Yes. Here's a simple example that uses urllib.request::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:695
msgid ""
"Note that in general for percent-encoded POST operations, query strings must "
"be quoted using :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode`. For example, to send "
"``name=Guy Steele, Jr.``::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:703
msgid ":ref:`urllib-howto` for extensive examples."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:707
msgid "What module should I use to help with generating HTML?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:711
msgid ""
"You can find a collection of useful links on the `Web Programming wiki page "
"<https://wiki.python.org/moin/WebProgramming>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:716
msgid "How do I send mail from a Python script?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:718
msgid "Use the standard library module :mod:`smtplib`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:720
msgid ""
"Here's a very simple interactive mail sender that uses it. This method will "
"work on any host that supports an SMTP listener. ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:740
msgid ""
"A Unix-only alternative uses sendmail. The location of the sendmail program "
"varies between systems; sometimes it is ``/usr/lib/sendmail``, sometimes ``/"
"usr/sbin/sendmail``. The sendmail manual page will help you out. Here's "
"some sample code::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:760
msgid "How do I avoid blocking in the connect() method of a socket?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:762
msgid ""
"The :mod:`select` module is commonly used to help with asynchronous I/O on "
"sockets."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:765
msgid ""
"To prevent the TCP connect from blocking, you can set the socket to non-"
"blocking mode. Then when you do the ``connect()``, you will either connect "
"immediately (unlikely) or get an exception that contains the error number as "
"``.errno``. ``errno.EINPROGRESS`` indicates that the connection is in "
"progress, but hasn't finished yet. Different OSes will return different "
"values, so you're going to have to check what's returned on your system."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:772
msgid ""
"You can use the ``connect_ex()`` method to avoid creating an exception. It "
"will just return the errno value. To poll, you can call ``connect_ex()`` "
"again later -- ``0`` or ``errno.EISCONN`` indicate that you're connected -- "
"or you can pass this socket to select to check if it's writable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:778
msgid ""
"The :mod:`asyncore` module presents a framework-like approach to the problem "
"of writing non-blocking networking code. The third-party `Twisted <https://"
"twistedmatrix.com/trac/>`_ library is a popular and feature-rich alternative."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:785
msgid "Databases"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:788
msgid "Are there any interfaces to database packages in Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:790
msgid "Yes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:792
msgid ""
"Interfaces to disk-based hashes such as :mod:`DBM <dbm.ndbm>` and :mod:`GDBM "
"<dbm.gnu>` are also included with standard Python. There is also the :mod:"
"`sqlite3` module, which provides a lightweight disk-based relational "
"database."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:797
msgid ""
"Support for most relational databases is available. See the "
"`DatabaseProgramming wiki page <https://wiki.python.org/moin/"
"DatabaseProgramming>`_ for details."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:803
msgid "How do you implement persistent objects in Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:805
msgid ""
"The :mod:`pickle` library module solves this in a very general way (though "
"you still can't store things like open files, sockets or windows), and the :"
"mod:`shelve` library module uses pickle and (g)dbm to create persistent "
"mappings containing arbitrary Python objects."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:812
msgid "Mathematics and Numerics"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:815
msgid "How do I generate random numbers in Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:817
msgid ""
"The standard module :mod:`random` implements a random number generator. "
"Usage is simple::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:823
msgid "This returns a random floating point number in the range [0, 1)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:825
msgid ""
"There are also many other specialized generators in this module, such as:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:827
msgid "``randrange(a, b)`` chooses an integer in the range [a, b)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:828
msgid "``uniform(a, b)`` chooses a floating point number in the range [a, b)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:829
msgid ""
"``normalvariate(mean, sdev)`` samples the normal (Gaussian) distribution."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:831
msgid "Some higher-level functions operate on sequences directly, such as:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:833
msgid "``choice(S)`` chooses random element from a given sequence"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:834
msgid "``shuffle(L)`` shuffles a list in-place, i.e. permutes it randomly"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/library.rst:836
msgid ""
"There's also a ``Random`` class you can instantiate to create independent "
"multiple random number generators."
msgstr ""

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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.6\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:40+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:7
msgid "Python on Windows FAQ"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:18
msgid "How do I run a Python program under Windows?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:20
msgid ""
"This is not necessarily a straightforward question. If you are already "
"familiar with running programs from the Windows command line then everything "
"will seem obvious; otherwise, you might need a little more guidance."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:0
msgid "|Python Development on XP|_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:27
msgid ""
"This series of screencasts aims to get you up and running with Python on "
"Windows XP. The knowledge is distilled into 1.5 hours and will get you up "
"and running with the right Python distribution, coding in your choice of "
"IDE, and debugging and writing solid code with unit-tests."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:36
msgid ""
"Unless you use some sort of integrated development environment, you will end "
"up *typing* Windows commands into what is variously referred to as a \"DOS "
"window\" or \"Command prompt window\". Usually you can create such a window "
"from your Start menu; under Windows 7 the menu selection is :menuselection:"
"`Start --> Programs --> Accessories --> Command Prompt`. You should be able "
"to recognize when you have started such a window because you will see a "
"Windows \"command prompt\", which usually looks like this::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:46
msgid ""
"The letter may be different, and there might be other things after it, so "
"you might just as easily see something like::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:51
msgid ""
"depending on how your computer has been set up and what else you have "
"recently done with it. Once you have started such a window, you are well on "
"the way to running Python programs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:55
msgid ""
"You need to realize that your Python scripts have to be processed by another "
"program called the Python *interpreter*. The interpreter reads your script, "
"compiles it into bytecodes, and then executes the bytecodes to run your "
"program. So, how do you arrange for the interpreter to handle your Python?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:60
msgid ""
"First, you need to make sure that your command window recognises the word "
"\"python\" as an instruction to start the interpreter. If you have opened a "
"command window, you should try entering the command ``python`` and hitting "
"return.::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:67
msgid "You should then see something like::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:73
msgid ""
"You have started the interpreter in \"interactive mode\". That means you can "
"enter Python statements or expressions interactively and have them executed "
"or evaluated while you wait. This is one of Python's strongest features. "
"Check it by entering a few expressions of your choice and seeing the "
"results::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:83
msgid ""
"Many people use the interactive mode as a convenient yet highly programmable "
"calculator. When you want to end your interactive Python session, hold the :"
"kbd:`Ctrl` key down while you enter a :kbd:`Z`, then hit the \":kbd:`Enter`"
"\" key to get back to your Windows command prompt."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:88
msgid ""
"You may also find that you have a Start-menu entry such as :menuselection:"
"`Start --> Programs --> Python 3.3 --> Python (command line)` that results "
"in you seeing the ``>>>`` prompt in a new window. If so, the window will "
"disappear after you enter the :kbd:`Ctrl-Z` character; Windows is running a "
"single \"python\" command in the window, and closes it when you terminate "
"the interpreter."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:94
msgid ""
"If the ``python`` command, instead of displaying the interpreter prompt "
"``>>>``, gives you a message like::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:0
msgid "|Adding Python to DOS Path|_"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:102
msgid ""
"Python is not added to the DOS path by default. This screencast will walk "
"you through the steps to add the correct entry to the `System Path`, "
"allowing Python to be executed from the command-line by all users."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:111
msgid "or::"
msgstr "ou : ::"
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:115
msgid ""
"then you need to make sure that your computer knows where to find the Python "
"interpreter. To do this you will have to modify a setting called PATH, "
"which is a list of directories where Windows will look for programs."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:119
msgid ""
"You should arrange for Python's installation directory to be added to the "
"PATH of every command window as it starts. If you installed Python fairly "
"recently then the command ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:125
msgid ""
"will probably tell you where it is installed; the usual location is "
"something like ``C:\\Python33``. Otherwise you will be reduced to a search "
"of your whole disk ... use :menuselection:`Tools --> Find` or hit the :"
"guilabel:`Search` button and look for \"python.exe\". Supposing you "
"discover that Python is installed in the ``C:\\Python33`` directory (the "
"default at the time of writing), you should make sure that entering the "
"command ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:134
msgid ""
"starts up the interpreter as above (and don't forget you'll need a \":kbd:"
"`Ctrl-Z`\" and an \":kbd:`Enter`\" to get out of it). Once you have verified "
"the directory, you can add it to the system path to make it easier to start "
"Python by just running the ``python`` command. This is currently an option "
"in the installer as of CPython 3.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:140
msgid ""
"More information about environment variables can be found on the :ref:`Using "
"Python on Windows <setting-envvars>` page."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:144
msgid "How do I make Python scripts executable?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:146
msgid ""
"On Windows, the standard Python installer already associates the .py "
"extension with a file type (Python.File) and gives that file type an open "
"command that runs the interpreter (``D:\\Program Files\\Python\\python.exe "
"\"%1\" %*``). This is enough to make scripts executable from the command "
"prompt as 'foo.py'. If you'd rather be able to execute the script by simple "
"typing 'foo' with no extension you need to add .py to the PATHEXT "
"environment variable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:154
msgid "Why does Python sometimes take so long to start?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:156
msgid ""
"Usually Python starts very quickly on Windows, but occasionally there are "
"bug reports that Python suddenly begins to take a long time to start up. "
"This is made even more puzzling because Python will work fine on other "
"Windows systems which appear to be configured identically."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:161
msgid ""
"The problem may be caused by a misconfiguration of virus checking software "
"on the problem machine. Some virus scanners have been known to introduce "
"startup overhead of two orders of magnitude when the scanner is configured "
"to monitor all reads from the filesystem. Try checking the configuration of "
"virus scanning software on your systems to ensure that they are indeed "
"configured identically. McAfee, when configured to scan all file system read "
"activity, is a particular offender."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:171
msgid "How do I make an executable from a Python script?"
msgstr "Comment construire un exécutable depuis un script Python ?"
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:173
msgid ""
"See http://cx-freeze.sourceforge.net/ for a distutils extension that allows "
"you to create console and GUI executables from Python code. `py2exe <http://"
"www.py2exe.org/>`_, the most popular extension for building Python 2.x-based "
"executables, does not yet support Python 3 but a version that does is in "
"development."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:181
msgid "Is a ``*.pyd`` file the same as a DLL?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:183
msgid ""
"Yes, .pyd files are dll's, but there are a few differences. If you have a "
"DLL named ``foo.pyd``, then it must have a function ``PyInit_foo()``. You "
"can then write Python \"import foo\", and Python will search for foo.pyd (as "
"well as foo.py, foo.pyc) and if it finds it, will attempt to call "
"``PyInit_foo()`` to initialize it. You do not link your .exe with foo.lib, "
"as that would cause Windows to require the DLL to be present."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:190
msgid ""
"Note that the search path for foo.pyd is PYTHONPATH, not the same as the "
"path that Windows uses to search for foo.dll. Also, foo.pyd need not be "
"present to run your program, whereas if you linked your program with a dll, "
"the dll is required. Of course, foo.pyd is required if you want to say "
"``import foo``. In a DLL, linkage is declared in the source code with "
"``__declspec(dllexport)``. In a .pyd, linkage is defined in a list of "
"available functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:199
msgid "How can I embed Python into a Windows application?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:201
msgid ""
"Embedding the Python interpreter in a Windows app can be summarized as "
"follows:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:203
msgid ""
"Do _not_ build Python into your .exe file directly. On Windows, Python must "
"be a DLL to handle importing modules that are themselves DLL's. (This is "
"the first key undocumented fact.) Instead, link to :file:`python{NN}.dll`; "
"it is typically installed in ``C:\\Windows\\System``. *NN* is the Python "
"version, a number such as \"33\" for Python 3.3."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:209
msgid ""
"You can link to Python in two different ways. Load-time linking means "
"linking against :file:`python{NN}.lib`, while run-time linking means linking "
"against :file:`python{NN}.dll`. (General note: :file:`python{NN}.lib` is "
"the so-called \"import lib\" corresponding to :file:`python{NN}.dll`. It "
"merely defines symbols for the linker.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:215
msgid ""
"Run-time linking greatly simplifies link options; everything happens at run "
"time. Your code must load :file:`python{NN}.dll` using the Windows "
"``LoadLibraryEx()`` routine. The code must also use access routines and "
"data in :file:`python{NN}.dll` (that is, Python's C API's) using pointers "
"obtained by the Windows ``GetProcAddress()`` routine. Macros can make using "
"these pointers transparent to any C code that calls routines in Python's C "
"API."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:222
msgid ""
"Borland note: convert :file:`python{NN}.lib` to OMF format using Coff2Omf."
"exe first."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:227
msgid ""
"If you use SWIG, it is easy to create a Python \"extension module\" that "
"will make the app's data and methods available to Python. SWIG will handle "
"just about all the grungy details for you. The result is C code that you "
"link *into* your .exe file (!) You do _not_ have to create a DLL file, and "
"this also simplifies linking."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:233
msgid ""
"SWIG will create an init function (a C function) whose name depends on the "
"name of the extension module. For example, if the name of the module is "
"leo, the init function will be called initleo(). If you use SWIG shadow "
"classes, as you should, the init function will be called initleoc(). This "
"initializes a mostly hidden helper class used by the shadow class."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:239
msgid ""
"The reason you can link the C code in step 2 into your .exe file is that "
"calling the initialization function is equivalent to importing the module "
"into Python! (This is the second key undocumented fact.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:243
msgid ""
"In short, you can use the following code to initialize the Python "
"interpreter with your extension module."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:254
msgid ""
"There are two problems with Python's C API which will become apparent if you "
"use a compiler other than MSVC, the compiler used to build pythonNN.dll."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:257
msgid ""
"Problem 1: The so-called \"Very High Level\" functions that take FILE * "
"arguments will not work in a multi-compiler environment because each "
"compiler's notion of a struct FILE will be different. From an "
"implementation standpoint these are very _low_ level functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:262
msgid ""
"Problem 2: SWIG generates the following code when generating wrappers to "
"void functions:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:271
msgid ""
"Alas, Py_None is a macro that expands to a reference to a complex data "
"structure called _Py_NoneStruct inside pythonNN.dll. Again, this code will "
"fail in a mult-compiler environment. Replace such code by:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:279
msgid ""
"It may be possible to use SWIG's ``%typemap`` command to make the change "
"automatically, though I have not been able to get this to work (I'm a "
"complete SWIG newbie)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:283
msgid ""
"Using a Python shell script to put up a Python interpreter window from "
"inside your Windows app is not a good idea; the resulting window will be "
"independent of your app's windowing system. Rather, you (or the "
"wxPythonWindow class) should create a \"native\" interpreter window. It is "
"easy to connect that window to the Python interpreter. You can redirect "
"Python's i/o to _any_ object that supports read and write, so all you need "
"is a Python object (defined in your extension module) that contains read() "
"and write() methods."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:292
msgid "How do I keep editors from inserting tabs into my Python source?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:294
msgid ""
"The FAQ does not recommend using tabs, and the Python style guide, :pep:`8`, "
"recommends 4 spaces for distributed Python code; this is also the Emacs "
"python-mode default."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:298
msgid ""
"Under any editor, mixing tabs and spaces is a bad idea. MSVC is no "
"different in this respect, and is easily configured to use spaces: Take :"
"menuselection:`Tools --> Options --> Tabs`, and for file type \"Default\" "
"set \"Tab size\" and \"Indent size\" to 4, and select the \"Insert spaces\" "
"radio button."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:303
msgid ""
"If you suspect mixed tabs and spaces are causing problems in leading "
"whitespace, run Python with the :option:`-t` switch or run ``Tools/Scripts/"
"tabnanny.py`` to check a directory tree in batch mode."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:309
msgid "How do I check for a keypress without blocking?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:311
msgid ""
"Use the msvcrt module. This is a standard Windows-specific extension "
"module. It defines a function ``kbhit()`` which checks whether a keyboard "
"hit is present, and ``getch()`` which gets one character without echoing it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:317
msgid "How do I emulate os.kill() in Windows?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:319
msgid ""
"Prior to Python 2.7 and 3.2, to terminate a process, you can use :mod:"
"`ctypes`::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:329
msgid ""
"In 2.7 and 3.2, :func:`os.kill` is implemented similar to the above "
"function, with the additional feature of being able to send :kbd:`Ctrl+C` "
"and :kbd:`Ctrl+Break` to console subprocesses which are designed to handle "
"those signals. See :func:`os.kill` for further details."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:335
msgid "How do I extract the downloaded documentation on Windows?"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:337
msgid ""
"Sometimes, when you download the documentation package to a Windows machine "
"using a web browser, the file extension of the saved file ends up being ."
"EXE. This is a mistake; the extension should be .TGZ."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/faq/windows.rst:341
msgid ""
"Simply rename the downloaded file to have the .TGZ extension, and WinZip "
"will be able to handle it. (If your copy of WinZip doesn't, get a newer one "
"from https://www.winzip.com.)"
msgstr ""