亚马逊卖家如何避免侵权？完整指南
在亚马逊平台，侵权属于非常严重的违规行为。亚马逊对于侵权的处理手段一般都比较严厉，轻则产品下架，重则直接关门。这些侵权有的来自亚马逊平台的自检，有些来自于卖家的投诉，还有些是来自职业打假律所的打击。
On Amazon platform, infringement is a very serious violation. Amazon's handling of infringement is generally quite strict, ranging from product removal to outright store closure. Some infringements come from Amazon's own checks, some from seller complaints, and others from professional anti-counterfeiting law firms.
只要你的产品涉嫌侵权，是很难在平台上生存的，总有一种方式会让你的侵权产品消失。所以，卖家在产品上线以前，进行初步的防侵权操作就显得十分关键。下面我们以亚马逊美国站为例，谈一下卖家该如何避免侵权。
If your product is suspected of infringement, it's difficult to survive on the platform - there's always a way your infringing product will disappear. Therefore, it's crucial for sellers to conduct preliminary anti-infringement checks before product launch. Below we'll use Amazon US as an example to discuss how sellers can avoid infringement.
1. 商标侵权 | Trademark Infringement
只要是美国注册的商标，未经权利人许可，使用该商标的行为就属于商标侵权。商标类的侵权主要来自于无脑的跟卖。我们知道，跟卖是亚马逊平台允许的运营模式，但是跟卖品牌却是不被允许的。
Any use of a registered US trademark without the owner's permission constitutes trademark infringement. Most trademark infringements come from mindless listing hijacking. While listing hijacking is an allowed operation model on Amazon, hijacking branded listings is not permitted.
如何查询商标 | How to Search Trademarks
首先，打开美国商标局的官网，选择'Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)'。然后，在search term中输入你想查询的商标名称。点击submit Query，就可以看到该搜索条件下的所有注册商标。
First, visit the official USPTO website and select 'Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS)'. Then enter the trademark name you want to search in the search term field. Click submit Query to see all registered trademarks matching your search criteria.
2. 发明专利 | Utility Patents
发明专利的查询跟商标类似，也是登陆美国商标局的网站。登陆官网后选择Patents（专利），在下拉框中选择"search for patents"然后选择快速检索"Quick search"。
Utility patent searches are similar to trademark searches - visit the USPTO website. After logging in, select Patents, then choose "search for patents" from the dropdown and select "Quick search".
3. 外观设计专利 | Design Patents
外观设计专利也可以按照发明专利的方法进行查询。就像这款猴子玩具，通过上述方法也可以查到该猴子的设计图纸。
Design patents can also be searched using the same method as utility patents. For example, this monkey toy's design drawings can be found using the above method.
亚马逊判断的标准为"普通消费者视角"。也就是说，当一款产品与另外一款专利产品放在进行对比，普通消费者难以分清二者的区别，且该相似行为会对消费者的选择造成影响时，就会判定外观侵权。
Amazon's standard is "ordinary consumer perspective". This means when comparing a product with a patented product, if ordinary consumers can't easily distinguish between them and this similarity affects consumer choice, it will be judged as design infringement.
在亚马逊平台上那些卖的又好、卖家又少的爆款产品，绝大部分都是有外观设计专利的。
Most best-selling products on Amazon with few sellers have design patents.
来源：跨境老鸟Mike | Source: Cross-border expert Mike
