禾赛科技遭遇美国337调查：激光雷达行业竞争加剧与市场格局分析
美国启动337调查 禾赛科技成主要被告
US Launches 337 Investigation Targeting Hesai as Primary Defendant
据中国贸易救济信息网消息，美国国际贸易委员会(ITC)于5月11日投票决定对特定激光雷达系统及其组件启动337调查。此次调查源于美国Ouster公司于2023年4月11日提出的申请，指控中国上海禾赛科技集团及其关联公司侵犯其知识产权。
According to China Trade Remedy Information Network, the US International Trade Commission (ITC) voted on May 11 to initiate a 337 investigation into certain LiDAR systems and components. The investigation stems from an application filed by US-based Ouster on April 11, 2023, alleging intellectual property infringement by China's Shanghai Hesai Group and its affiliates.
禾赛科技作为全球车载激光雷达市场领导者，今年2月刚刚完成在纳斯达克的上市，成为中国激光雷达第一股。该公司旗舰产品AT128已获得11家汽车厂商数百万台量产定点。
As a global leader in automotive LiDAR, Hesai completed its Nasdaq listing this February, becoming China's first publicly traded LiDAR company. Its flagship product AT128 has secured mass production contracts for millions of units from 11 automakers.
行业现状：价格战与技术迭代双重压力
Industry Challenges: Dual Pressure from Price Wars and Technological Evolution
2022年禾赛科技交付量达80,462台，同比增长467.5%，但其财务表现仍面临挑战：全年营收12亿元，净亏损3亿元。行业数据显示，半固态激光雷达均价已降至数千元，且仍有降价空间。
In 2022, Hesai delivered 80,462 units, a 467.5% year-on-year increase, but still faced financial challenges with annual revenue of 1.2 billion yuan and net loss of 300 million yuan. Industry data shows average prices for semi-solid LiDAR have dropped to several thousand yuan with further room for reduction.
固态激光雷达崛起改变行业格局
Rise of Solid-State LiDAR Reshapes Industry Landscape
随着固态激光雷达技术成熟，行业正经历深刻变革。Ouster等公司推动的VCSEL技术已被苹果Face ID采用，大幅降低了固态激光成本。目前Lumentum和Coherent两家公司垄断了80%的VCSEL激光雷达芯片市场。
With the maturation of solid-state LiDAR technology, the industry is undergoing profound changes. VCSEL technology promoted by companies like Ouster has been adopted in Apple's Face ID, significantly reducing solid-state laser costs. Currently, Lumentum and Coherent dominate 80% of the VCSEL LiDAR chip market.
行业警示：2022年多家激光雷达企业遭遇经营危机，包括Ibeo破产、Velodyne与Ouster合并、Quanergy破产清算等，预示着行业整合加速。
Industry Warning: Multiple LiDAR companies faced operational crises in 2022, including Ibeo's bankruptcy, Velodyne-Ouster merger, and Quanergy's liquidation, signaling accelerated industry consolidation.
未来展望：技术路线与市场竞争
Future Outlook: Technology Pathways and Market Competition
固态激光雷达的普及将加剧行业竞争，传统机械式激光雷达厂商面临技术迭代风险。上游芯片产能充足和制程成熟使得产品难以维持高价，行业盈利模式面临重构。
The popularization of solid-state LiDAR will intensify competition, posing technological transition risks for traditional mechanical LiDAR manufacturers. Ample upstream chip capacity and mature processes make it difficult to maintain high product prices, forcing industry profit models to evolve.
