精准的留痕最新技术：谷歌能否推广亚马逊店铺？外贸入门基础知识分享
外贸的定义 Definition of Foreign Trade
对外贸易亦称"国外贸易"或"进出口贸易"，是指一个国家(地区)与另一个国家(地区)之间的商品和劳务的交换。这种贸易由进口和出口两个部分组成。
Foreign trade, also known as "international trade" or "import and export trade", refers to the exchange of goods and services between one country (region) and another country (region). This trade consists of two parts: import and export.
外贸出口分类 Foreign Trade Export Categories
传统外贸 Traditional Trade (B2B: 对企业 Business to Business):
阿里巴巴国际站 Alibaba International, Made in China, Global Sources
跨境电商 Cross-border E-commerce (B2C: 对消费者 Business to Consumer):
亚马逊 Amazon, 速卖通 AliExpress, eBay, Wish
外贸公司的分类 Types of Foreign Trade Companies
纯外贸公司 Pure Trading Company:
指只从事贸易，即自己并不生产产品，产品是从其他公司采购来的
Engaged only in trade, does not produce products itself, purchases products from other companies
工贸一体 Integrated Manufacturing and Trading:
即公司有自己的工厂，出口的产品主要是自己工厂生产的
The company has its own factory, and the exported products are mainly produced by its own factory
外贸术语 Key Trade Terms
比较重要的有 Important ones include:
EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF, DDU, DDP
外贸出口流程 Export Process
找客户 Find customers → 报价 Quote → 合同 Contract → 付款方式 Payment terms → 备货 Prepare goods → 报关出运 Customs clearance and shipment → 提单 Bill of lading → 尾款 Final payment → 提货 Pick up goods → 结汇 Settlement → 退税 Tax refund
外贸常见付款方式 Common Payment Methods
T/T电汇 Telegraphic Transfer:
一方交货，一方交钱。外贸中为规避风险，会引入订金，也就是预付款
One party delivers goods, the other pays. In foreign trade, a deposit (advance payment) is usually required to mitigate risks
L/C信用证 Letter of Credit:
客户通知当地银行，由银行出面给供应商出具一份文件，上面写好要求和金额
The buyer notifies their local bank to issue a document to the supplier specifying requirements and amount
D/P托收 Documents against Payment:
卖家将出货后的相关单报提给银行，客户通过当地托收行付款赎单，然后提货
The seller submits shipping documents to the bank, the buyer pays through their local collecting bank to obtain documents for goods pickup
