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| <body class="manpage"> | |
| <div id="header"> | |
| <h1> | |
| git-interpret-trailers(1) Manual Page | |
| </h1> | |
| <h2>NAME</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <p>git-interpret-trailers - | |
| help add structured information into commit messages | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div id="content"> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="verseblock"> | |
| <pre class="content"><em>git interpret-trailers</em> [--in-place] [--trim-empty] [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])…] [<file>…]</pre> | |
| <div class="attribution"> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>Help adding <em>trailers</em> lines, that look similar to RFC 822 e-mail | |
| headers, at the end of the otherwise free-form part of a commit | |
| message.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>This command reads some patches or commit messages from either the | |
| <file> arguments or the standard input if no <file> is specified. Then | |
| this command applies the arguments passed using the <code>--trailer</code> | |
| option, if any, to the commit message part of each input file. The | |
| result is emitted on the standard output.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>Some configuration variables control the way the <code>--trailer</code> arguments | |
| are applied to each commit message and the way any existing trailer in | |
| the commit message is changed. They also make it possible to | |
| automatically add some trailers.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>By default, a <em><token>=<value></em> or <em><token>:<value></em> argument given | |
| using <code>--trailer</code> will be appended after the existing trailers only if | |
| the last trailer has a different (<token>, <value>) pair (or if there | |
| is no existing trailer). The <token> and <value> parts will be trimmed | |
| to remove starting and trailing whitespace, and the resulting trimmed | |
| <token> and <value> will appear in the message like this:</p></div> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>token: value</code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>This means that the trimmed <token> and <value> will be separated by | |
| <code>': '</code> (one colon followed by one space).</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>By default the new trailer will appear at the end of all the existing | |
| trailers. If there is no existing trailer, the new trailer will appear | |
| after the commit message part of the output, and, if there is no line | |
| with only spaces at the end of the commit message part, one blank line | |
| will be added before the new trailer.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>Existing trailers are extracted from the input message by looking for | |
| a group of one or more lines that (i) are all trailers, or (ii) contains at | |
| least one Git-generated or user-configured trailer and consists of at | |
| least 25% trailers. | |
| The group must be preceded by one or more empty (or whitespace-only) lines. | |
| The group must either be at the end of the message or be the last | |
| non-whitespace lines before a line that starts with <em>---</em>. Such three | |
| minus signs start the patch part of the message.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>When reading trailers, there can be whitespaces after the | |
| token, the separator and the value. There can also be whitespaces | |
| inside the token and the value. The value may be split over multiple lines with | |
| each subsequent line starting with whitespace, like the "folding" in RFC 822.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>Note that <em>trailers</em> do not follow and are not intended to follow many | |
| rules for RFC 822 headers. For example they do not follow | |
| the encoding rules and probably many other rules.</p></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="dlist"><dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| --in-place | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| Edit the files in place. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| --trim-empty | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| If the <value> part of any trailer contains only whitespace, | |
| the whole trailer will be removed from the resulting message. | |
| This applies to existing trailers as well as new trailers. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| --trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>] | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| Specify a (<token>, <value>) pair that should be applied as a | |
| trailer to the input messages. See the description of this | |
| command. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_configuration_variables">CONFIGURATION VARIABLES</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="dlist"><dl> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.separators | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option tells which characters are recognized as trailer | |
| separators. By default only <em>:</em> is recognized as a trailer | |
| separator, except that <em>=</em> is always accepted on the command | |
| line for compatibility with other git commands. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>The first character given by this option will be the default character | |
| used when another separator is not specified in the config for this | |
| trailer.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>For example, if the value for this option is "%=$", then only lines | |
| using the format <em><token><sep><value></em> with <sep> containing <em>%</em>, <em>=</em> | |
| or <em>$</em> and then spaces will be considered trailers. And <em>%</em> will be | |
| the default separator used, so by default trailers will appear like: | |
| <em><token>% <value></em> (one percent sign and one space will appear between | |
| the token and the value).</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.where | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option tells where a new trailer will be added. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>This can be <code>end</code>, which is the default, <code>start</code>, <code>after</code> or <code>before</code>.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If it is <code>end</code>, then each new trailer will appear at the end of the | |
| existing trailers.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If it is <code>start</code>, then each new trailer will appear at the start, | |
| instead of the end, of the existing trailers.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If it is <code>after</code>, then each new trailer will appear just after the | |
| last trailer with the same <token>.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If it is <code>before</code>, then each new trailer will appear just before the | |
| first trailer with the same <token>.</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.ifexists | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option makes it possible to choose what action will be | |
| performed when there is already at least one trailer with the | |
| same <token> in the message. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>The valid values for this option are: <code>addIfDifferentNeighbor</code> (this | |
| is the default), <code>addIfDifferent</code>, <code>add</code>, <code>replace</code> or <code>doNothing</code>.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>addIfDifferentNeighbor</code>, a new trailer will be added only if no | |
| trailer with the same (<token>, <value>) pair is above or below the line | |
| where the new trailer will be added.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>addIfDifferent</code>, a new trailer will be added only if no trailer | |
| with the same (<token>, <value>) pair is already in the message.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>add</code>, a new trailer will be added, even if some trailers with | |
| the same (<token>, <value>) pair are already in the message.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>replace</code>, an existing trailer with the same <token> will be | |
| deleted and the new trailer will be added. The deleted trailer will be | |
| the closest one (with the same <token>) to the place where the new one | |
| will be added.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>doNothing</code>, nothing will be done; that is no new trailer will be | |
| added if there is already one with the same <token> in the message.</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.ifmissing | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option makes it possible to choose what action will be | |
| performed when there is not yet any trailer with the same | |
| <token> in the message. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>The valid values for this option are: <code>add</code> (this is the default) and | |
| <code>doNothing</code>.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>add</code>, a new trailer will be added.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>With <code>doNothing</code>, nothing will be done.</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.<token>.key | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This <code>key</code> will be used instead of <token> in the trailer. At | |
| the end of this key, a separator can appear and then some | |
| space characters. By default the only valid separator is <em>:</em>, | |
| but this can be changed using the <code>trailer.separators</code> config | |
| variable. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If there is a separator, then the key will be used instead of both the | |
| <token> and the default separator when adding the trailer.</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.<token>.where | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option takes the same values as the <em>trailer.where</em> | |
| configuration variable and it overrides what is specified by | |
| that option for trailers with the specified <token>. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.<token>.ifexist | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option takes the same values as the <em>trailer.ifexist</em> | |
| configuration variable and it overrides what is specified by | |
| that option for trailers with the specified <token>. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.<token>.ifmissing | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option takes the same values as the <em>trailer.ifmissing</em> | |
| configuration variable and it overrides what is specified by | |
| that option for trailers with the specified <token>. | |
| </p> | |
| </dd> | |
| <dt class="hdlist1"> | |
| trailer.<token>.command | |
| </dt> | |
| <dd> | |
| <p> | |
| This option can be used to specify a shell command that will | |
| be called to automatically add or modify a trailer with the | |
| specified <token>. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>When this option is specified, the behavior is as if a special | |
| <em><token>=<value></em> argument were added at the beginning of the command | |
| line, where <value> is taken to be the standard output of the | |
| specified command with any leading and trailing whitespace trimmed | |
| off.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If the command contains the <code>$ARG</code> string, this string will be | |
| replaced with the <value> part of an existing trailer with the same | |
| <token>, if any, before the command is launched.</p></div> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>If some <em><token>=<value></em> arguments are also passed on the command | |
| line, when a <em>trailer.<token>.command</em> is configured, the command will | |
| also be executed for each of these arguments. And the <value> part of | |
| these arguments, if any, will be used to replace the <code>$ARG</code> string in | |
| the command.</p></div> | |
| </dd> | |
| </dl></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="ulist"><ul> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Configure a <em>sign</em> trailer with a <em>Signed-off-by</em> key, and then | |
| add two of these trailers to a message: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ git config trailer.sign.key "Signed-off-by" | |
| $ cat msg.txt | |
| subject | |
| message | |
| $ cat msg.txt | git interpret-trailers --trailer 'sign: Alice <alice@example.com>' --trailer 'sign: Bob <bob@example.com>' | |
| subject | |
| message | |
| Signed-off-by: Alice <alice@example.com> | |
| Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com></code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Use the <code>--in-place</code> option to edit a message file in place: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ cat msg.txt | |
| subject | |
| message | |
| Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com> | |
| $ git interpret-trailers --trailer 'Acked-by: Alice <alice@example.com>' --in-place msg.txt | |
| $ cat msg.txt | |
| subject | |
| message | |
| Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com> | |
| Acked-by: Alice <alice@example.com></code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Extract the last commit as a patch, and add a <em>Cc</em> and a | |
| <em>Reviewed-by</em> trailer to it: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ git format-patch -1 | |
| 0001-foo.patch | |
| $ git interpret-trailers --trailer 'Cc: Alice <alice@example.com>' --trailer 'Reviewed-by: Bob <bob@example.com>' 0001-foo.patch >0001-bar.patch</code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Configure a <em>sign</em> trailer with a command to automatically add a | |
| 'Signed-off-by: ' with the author information only if there is no | |
| 'Signed-off-by: ' already, and show how it works: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ git config trailer.sign.key "Signed-off-by: " | |
| $ git config trailer.sign.ifmissing add | |
| $ git config trailer.sign.ifexists doNothing | |
| $ git config trailer.sign.command 'echo "$(git config user.name) <$(git config user.email)>"' | |
| $ git interpret-trailers <<EOF | |
| > EOF | |
| Signed-off-by: Bob <bob@example.com> | |
| $ git interpret-trailers <<EOF | |
| > Signed-off-by: Alice <alice@example.com> | |
| > EOF | |
| Signed-off-by: Alice <alice@example.com></code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Configure a <em>fix</em> trailer with a key that contains a <em>#</em> and no | |
| space after this character, and show how it works: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ git config trailer.separators ":#" | |
| $ git config trailer.fix.key "Fix #" | |
| $ echo "subject" | git interpret-trailers --trailer fix=42 | |
| subject | |
| Fix #42</code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Configure a <em>see</em> trailer with a command to show the subject of a | |
| commit that is related, and show how it works: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ git config trailer.see.key "See-also: " | |
| $ git config trailer.see.ifExists "replace" | |
| $ git config trailer.see.ifMissing "doNothing" | |
| $ git config trailer.see.command "git log -1 --oneline --format=\"%h (%s)\" --abbrev-commit --abbrev=14 \$ARG" | |
| $ git interpret-trailers <<EOF | |
| > subject | |
| > | |
| > message | |
| > | |
| > see: HEAD~2 | |
| > EOF | |
| subject | |
| message | |
| See-also: fe3187489d69c4 (subject of related commit)</code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| <li> | |
| <p> | |
| Configure a commit template with some trailers with empty values | |
| (using sed to show and keep the trailing spaces at the end of the | |
| trailers), then configure a commit-msg hook that uses | |
| <em>git interpret-trailers</em> to remove trailers with empty values and | |
| to add a <em>git-version</em> trailer: | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="listingblock"> | |
| <div class="content"> | |
| <pre><code>$ sed -e 's/ Z$/ /' >commit_template.txt <<EOF | |
| > ***subject*** | |
| > | |
| > ***message*** | |
| > | |
| > Fixes: Z | |
| > Cc: Z | |
| > Reviewed-by: Z | |
| > Signed-off-by: Z | |
| > EOF | |
| $ git config commit.template commit_template.txt | |
| $ cat >.git/hooks/commit-msg <<EOF | |
| > #!/bin/sh | |
| > git interpret-trailers --trim-empty --trailer "git-version: \$(git describe)" "\$1" > "\$1.new" | |
| > mv "\$1.new" "\$1" | |
| > EOF | |
| $ chmod +x .git/hooks/commit-msg</code></pre> | |
| </div></div> | |
| </li> | |
| </ul></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-commit.html">git-commit(1)</a>, <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a>, <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a></p></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="sect1"> | |
| <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2> | |
| <div class="sectionbody"> | |
| <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div> | |
| <div id="footer"> | |
| <div id="footer-text"> | |
| Last updated 2017-06-02 15:23:19 JST | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| </body> | |
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