中国茶叶文化：绿茶与红茶的全球影响力
中国茶叶文化：绿茶与红茶的全球影响力
Chinese Tea Culture: The Global Influence of Green Tea and Black Tea
绿茶：最具代表性的主流茶叶
Green Tea: The Most Representative Mainstream Tea
绿茶是茶叶中品类最大的茶类，占据了茶叶生产总量的70%。如今，正值清明时节，第一批“明前茶”想必已采摘完成。
Green tea is the largest category of tea, accounting for 70% of total tea production. Now, during the Qingming Festival season, the first batch of "pre-Qingming tea" has likely been harvested.
“明前茶”真的意味着高档吗？
Does "Pre-Qingming Tea" Really Mean High Quality?
在中国占据主流地位的绿茶，到了隔海的日本，又衍生出了什么变化呢？绿茶历史悠久的原因，一部分是因为它在发酵程度上属于不发酵茶（发酵程度在5%以下），比较接近茶叶本真的味道。
What changes has green tea, which dominates in China, undergone in Japan across the sea? One reason for green tea's long history is that it is unfermented (fermentation degree below 5%), preserving the tea's original flavor.
红茶：从意外走向世界的茶叶
Black Tea: From Accident to Global Phenomenon
如果说，绿茶是东亚饮品的形象大使，那么，红茶的身影已经遍布世界各地。从中国到东南亚、北美、非洲，都能经常看到红茶的身影。
If green tea is the cultural ambassador of East Asian beverages, then black tea has spread worldwide. From China to Southeast Asia, North America, and Africa, black tea is commonly seen.
红茶的意外诞生
The Accidental Birth of Black Tea
明末清初时期，一支军队路过福建武夷桐木村，占据了当地的茶厂。士兵们没有地方睡觉，就露天睡在茶厂堆积满地的茶叶上，第二天等士兵们走后，茶农们发现茶叶已经变红。
During the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, an army passing through Tongmu Village in Wuyi, Fujian, occupied a local tea factory. With no place to sleep, soldiers rested on piles of tea leaves overnight. The next day, farmers found the leaves had turned red.
红茶如何征服世界？
How Did Black Tea Conquer the World?
英国人接受红茶经历了漫长的过程。1650年，英国1磅茶叶的价格在6~10英镑左右，相当于今天的4000元/斤。直到1689年，英国东印度公司正式与清政府接触，茶叶价格才大幅下降。
The British took a long time to accept black tea. In 1650, one pound of tea cost 6-10 pounds in Britain, equivalent to about 4,000 RMB per pound today. It wasn't until 1689, when the British East India Company officially traded with the Qing government, that prices dropped significantly.
茶叶的全球化竞争
The Globalization of Tea Competition
19世纪，英国人为了保障红茶供应，鼓励殖民地种植茶叶。肯尼亚如今已成为世界第三大红茶生产国。立顿等品牌通过营销策略让红茶走向全球。
In the 19th century, the British encouraged tea cultivation in colonies to ensure supply. Today, Kenya is the world's third-largest black tea producer. Brands like Lipton marketed black tea globally.
