issue 23896 introduced a grammar without print and exec statements (they both are functions now) but both the lib2to3 cli script and RefactoringTool lacks of that functionality (which is pretty useful for outside users of lib2to3 like formatters) (RefactoringTool) if self.options["print_function"]: self.grammar = pygram.python_grammar_no_print_statement else: self.grammar = pygram.python_grammar It should be supported here and on the command line script.