如何快速了解外贸出口流程？外贸出口全流程指南

如何快速了解外贸出口流程？外贸出口全流程指南

How to Quickly Understand Foreign Trade Export Process? Complete Guide to Export Procedures

近年来，越来越多的新伙伴涌入外贸行业。然而，许多外贸人员，尤其是那些想要入行或刚刚入行的小伙伴，他们对外贸全流程并不熟悉。因此，本文将带你轻松了解外贸全流程。

In recent years, more and more newcomers have entered the foreign trade industry. However, many practitioners, especially those who are just starting out, are not familiar with the complete export process. This article will guide you through the entire foreign trade export procedure.

外贸全流程可概括为"约—货—款—运—单"，涵盖了从客户开发、询盘、报价、签订合同、订货、备货、报检报关、装船、结汇等各个环节。

The complete export process can be summarized as "contract-goods-payment-shipping-documents", covering all aspects from customer development, inquiry, quotation, contract signing, ordering, preparation, inspection and customs declaration, shipment, to settlement.

外贸出口流程第一步：客户询盘

Step 1: Customer Inquiry

客户询盘是外贸出口业务的起始点，指客户通过电子邮件、传真、电话或其他沟通渠道向外贸企业提出有关产品的价格、交货期限、贸易条款、售后服务等方面的问题。

Customer inquiry is the starting point of export business, where customers contact trading companies via email, fax, phone or other channels to ask about product prices, delivery terms, trade terms, after-sales service, etc.

外贸出口流程第二步：报价

Step 2: Quotation

报价是针对客户的询盘问题进行回答。主要包括产品质量等级、规格型号、特殊包装要求、采购数量、交货期限、运输方式等。

Quotation is the response to customer inquiries, mainly including product quality grade, specifications, special packaging requirements, order quantity, delivery period, transportation method, etc.

常见的报价形式：

Common quotation forms:

• FOB (Free On Board 装运港船上交货)：卖方将货物交至装运港口
• CFR (Cost and Freight 成本加运费)：卖方安排运输
• CIF (Cost Insurance and Freight 成本加保险费加运费)：卖方负责运输和保险

外贸出口流程第三步：订单确认

Step 3: Order Confirmation

收到客户正式采购订单后，外贸企业与客户确认交易的细节，确定具体的约定交货时间和付款方式。

After receiving the official purchase order, the trading company confirms transaction details with the customer, including delivery time and payment method.

外贸出口流程第四步：备货与检查

Step 4: Goods Preparation & Inspection

在备货前，要确保清楚了解客户的订单要求，包括产品规格、数量、交货时间、包装要求等。同时要进行质量检测和验收。

Before preparation, ensure full understanding of order requirements including specifications, quantity, delivery time, packaging, etc. Quality inspection is also required.

外贸出口流程第五步：通关

Step 5: Customs Clearance

外贸出口通关是指将出口货物从出口国家合法出境并完成相关手续。需要准备商业发票、装箱单、产地证明、商检证书等文件。

Customs clearance refers to legally exporting goods with completed procedures. Required documents include commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, inspection certificate, etc.

外贸出口流程第六步：货运

Step 6: Shipping

货物运输保险是外贸出口的主要保险之一。它可以为货物在运输过程中遭受的损失、损坏、丢失等风险提供保障。

Cargo transportation insurance is one of the main insurances for exports, covering risks of loss, damage or missing during transportation.

外贸出口流程第七步：结汇

Step 7: Settlement

出口货物装运完成后，进出口公司需要根据信用证规定准确地制作各种单据，在有效期内递交银行办理议付结汇手续。

After shipment, the trading company needs to prepare various documents according to L/C requirements and submit to bank for settlement within validity period.