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004 - Basic Syntax - Learn Python Full Course For Beginner. Source code used in above video.
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‎Tutorial Code/004_BasicSyntax.ipynb‎

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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"# Python - Basic Syntax"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Assignments"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 7,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"5\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# The following is a statement\n",
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"a = 5 # is an assignment\n",
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"print(a)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Lines & Indentation"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 8,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"True\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# If Statement below is with proper indentation. Works perfectly fine\n",
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"if True:\n",
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" print(\"True\")\n",
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"else:\n",
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" print(\"False\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 9,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"ename": "IndentationError",
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"evalue": "expected an indented block (<ipython-input-9-8a6ab3e1e73f>, line 3)",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[1;36m File \u001b[1;32m\"<ipython-input-9-8a6ab3e1e73f>\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m3\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m print(\"True\")\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mIndentationError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m expected an indented block\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# If statement below without indentation. Will throw error.\n",
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"if True:\n",
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"print(\"True\")\n",
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"else:\n",
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"print(\"False\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"**_The above statement executed with error. Error says that after the `if True:` in line 2, it expected indented block in the next line which is missing. Hence the error_**"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 10,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"ename": "SyntaxError",
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"evalue": "invalid syntax (<ipython-input-10-b90599039ce6>, line 5)",
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"output_type": "error",
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"traceback": [
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"\u001b[1;36m File \u001b[1;32m\"<ipython-input-10-b90599039ce6>\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m5\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m else:\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;37m ^\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mSyntaxError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m invalid syntax\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# If Statement with multiple statements within the blocks without indentation. Will throw error\n",
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"if True:\n",
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" print(\"Hello its\")\n",
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"print(\"True\")\n",
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"else:\n",
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" print(\"Hello its\")\n",
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"print(\"False\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"**_in the above code block, the third line `print(\"True\")` should be indented which is missing. \n",
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"Hence python has considered this line as outside the block for `if True:`. \n",
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"So the `else:` is been seen as a else without a corresponding if condition. Hence the error -** `invalid syntax`\n",
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"\n",
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"The above code block with correct indentation is given below, and you can see it works fine."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 12,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello its\n",
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"True\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# If Statement with multiple statements within the blocks without indentation. Will throw error\n",
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"if True:\n",
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" print(\"Hello its\")\n",
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" print(\"True\")\n",
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"else:\n",
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" print(\"Hello its\")\n",
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" print(\"False\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"attachments": {},
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Quotations in Python\n",
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"\n",
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"Python accepts single `'`, double `\"` and triple `'''` or `\"\"\"` quotes to denote string literals, as long as the same type of quote starts and ends the string."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 16,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"sunday\n",
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"\n",
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"Today is Sunday.\n",
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"\n",
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"Hello everyone. This para\n",
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"spans multiple\n",
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"lines.\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# String literal with single quote\n",
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"single_word = 'sunday\\n'\n",
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"print(single_word)\n",
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"\n",
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"# String literal using double quotes\n",
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"sentence = \"Today is Sunday.\\n\"\n",
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"print(sentence)\n",
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"\n",
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"# String literal using 3 double quotes. Here you can notice that the sentance spans multiple lines, but its still valid.\n",
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"paragraph = \"\"\"Hello everyone. This para\n",
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"spans multiple\n",
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"lines.\"\"\"\n",
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"print(paragraph)"
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]
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},
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{
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"attachments": {},
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Comments in Python\n",
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"\n",
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"Comments can be used to explain Python code and also to make the code more readable.<br>\n",
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"Comments can also be used to prevent execution when testing code.\n",
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"\n",
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"A hash sign `#` that is not inside a string literal begins a comment. All characters after the # and up to the end of the physical line are part of the comment and the Python interpreter ignores them.\n",
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"\n",
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"**_In the statement below, notice how the first line and the string after # in the second line are ignored._**"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 17,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello Python World!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# First comment\n",
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"print(\"Hello Python World!\") # second comment"
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]
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},
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{
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"attachments": {},
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Comments does not have to be text to explain the code, it can also be used to prevent Python from executing code.\n",
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"\n",
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"**_In the code below, the first line is ignored_**"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 18,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello Python World!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# print(\"Hello Python World!\")\n",
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"print(\"Hello Python World!\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Python does not really have a syntax for multi-line comments. To add a multiline comment you could insert a `#` for each line."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 20,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello Python World!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"# This is a comment.\n",
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"# Another comment.\n",
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"# Yet another comment.\n",
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"print(\"Hello Python World!\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Not the same as comment, you can use a multiline string.\n",
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"Python ignores string literals that are not assigned to a variable, you can add a multiline string (triple quotes) in your code, and place your comment inside it."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 21,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello Python World!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"'''\n",
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"This is a comment.\n",
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"Another comment.\n",
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"Yet another comment.\n",
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"'''\n",
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"print(\"Hello Python World!\")"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"**_In the above code, notice that the first 5 lines are ignored by python, just like it ignores comments._**"
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]
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},
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{
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"attachments": {},
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## Multiple Statements on a Single Line\n",
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"\n",
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"The semicolon ( `;` ) allows multiple statements on the single line. However, neither statement should start a new code block."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 27,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Hello\n",
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"another statement\n",
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"yet another statement\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(\"Hello\"); print(\"another statement\"); print(\"yet another statement\");"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.7.0"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 2
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}

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