[AR1] Update unfinished suggestions (#513)

* [AR1] Update unfinished suggestions * Update ar1_processes.md * misc --------- Co-authored-by: John Stachurski <john.stachurski@gmail.com>

Author: SylviaZhaooo

lectures/ar1_processes.md

@@ -48,15 +48,17 @@ plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = (11, 5) #set default figure size
 
 ## The AR(1) model
 
-The *AR(1) model* (autoregressive model of order 1) takes the form
+The **AR(1) model** (autoregressive model of order 1) takes the form
 
 ```{math}
 :label: can_ar1
 
 X_{t+1} = a X_t + b + c W_{t+1}
 ```
 
-where $a, b, c$ are scalar-valued parameters.
+where $a, b, c$ are scalar-valued parameters 
+
+(Equation {eq}`can_ar1` is sometimes called a **stochastic difference equation**.)
 
 For example, $X_t$ might be 
 
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ Iterating backwards from time $t$, we obtain
 $$
 X_t = a X_{t-1} + b + c W_t
  = a^2 X_{t-2} + a b + a c W_{t-1} + b + c W_t
+ = a^3 X_{t-3} + a^2 b + a^2 c W_{t-2} + b + c W_t
  = \cdots
 $$
 
@@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ Notice that, in the figure above, the sequence $\{ \psi_t \}$ seems to be conver
 This is even clearer if we project forward further into the future:
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
-def plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=-3.0, v_0=0.6, sim_length=60):
+def plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=-3.0, v_0=0.6, sim_length=40):
  mu, v = mu_0, v_0
  for t in range(sim_length):
  mu = a * mu + b
@@ -220,7 +223,7 @@ For example, this alternative density sequence also converges to the same limit.
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
 fig, ax = plt.subplots()
-plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=3.0)
+plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=4.0)
 plt.show()
 ```
 
@@ -255,7 +258,7 @@ We can confirm this is valid for the sequence above using the following code.
 
 ```{code-cell} python3
 fig, ax = plt.subplots()
-plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=3.0)
+plot_density_seq(ax, mu_0=4.0)
 
 mu_star = b / (1 - a)
 std_star = np.sqrt(c**2 / (1 - a**2)) # square root of v_star