2022年中国外贸数据全景：进出口总值突破42万亿，跨境电商成新增长点
一、2022年中国外贸总体表现 / China's Overall Foreign Trade Performance in 2022
根据海关总署数据，2022年我国货物贸易进出口总值达42.07万亿元人民币，同比增长7.7%。其中出口23.97万亿元（+10.5%），进口18.1万亿元（+4.3%），贸易顺差5.86万亿元，同比扩大35.4%。
According to customs statistics, China's total import-export value reached 42.07 trillion yuan in 2022, up 7.7% year-on-year. Exports grew 10.5% to 23.97 trillion yuan while imports increased 4.3% to 18.1 trillion yuan, resulting in a trade surplus of 5.86 trillion yuan, expanding 35.4% annually.
二、主要贸易伙伴 / Key Trading Partners
2022年前十大贸易伙伴依次为：东盟、欧盟、美国、韩国、日本、中国台湾、中国香港、澳大利亚、俄罗斯和巴西。
The top 10 trading partners were: ASEAN, EU, US, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan China, Hong Kong China, Australia, Russia and Brazil.
三、跨境电商迅猛发展 / Rapid Growth of Cross-border E-commerce
跨境电商进出口规模达2.11万亿元（+9.8%），其中出口1.55万亿元（+11.7%），进口0.56万亿元（+4.9%）。
Cross-border e-commerce import-export value hit 2.11 trillion yuan (+9.8%), with exports accounting for 1.55 trillion yuan (+11.7%) and imports 0.56 trillion yuan (+4.9%).
四、重点商品贸易情况 / Key Commodity Trade Performance
出口亮点：
- 机电产品出口占比49.1%，其中太阳能电池（+67.8%）、锂电池（+86.7%）、汽车（+82.2%）表现突出
- 劳动密集型产品增长8.9%，箱包（+32.6%）、鞋类（+24.4%）增幅显著
Export Highlights:
- Mechanical and electrical products accounted for 49.1% of exports, with solar cells (+67.8%), lithium batteries (+86.7%) and automobiles (+82.2%) showing outstanding performance
- Labor-intensive products grew 8.9%, with luggage (+32.6%) and footwear (+24.4%) registering remarkable increases
进口特征：
- 农产品进口普遍下降：豆油（-69.1%）、猪肉（-52.6%）
- 高科技设备呈现"量减价增"：半导体制造设备数量降24.8%但金额增11%
Import Characteristics:
- Agricultural imports generally declined: soybean oil (-69.1%), pork (-52.6%)
- High-tech equipment showed "volume decrease but value increase": semiconductor manufacturing equipment quantity down 24.8% but value up 11%
五、21世纪外贸发展轨迹 / 21st Century Foreign Trade Development
2000-2022年间，中国货物贸易总值年均增长率达12.3%，贸易顺差规模扩大近15倍。
From 2000 to 2022, China's total goods trade achieved an average annual growth rate of 12.3%, with trade surplus expanding nearly 15 times.
专家观点 / Expert Perspective
上海海关学院朱秋沅教授指出："新能源产品出口的爆发式增长和跨境电商的持续扩张，标志着中国外贸正在向高质量方向发展。"
Professor Zhu Qiuyuan from Shanghai Customs College noted: "The explosive growth of new energy product exports and sustained expansion of cross-border e-commerce signify China's foreign trade is transitioning toward high-quality development."
