外贸全流程指南：从询盘到收汇的完整操作手册

外贸全流程指南：从询盘到收汇的完整操作手册

Complete Guide to Foreign Trade Process: From Inquiry to Payment Collection

外贸行业入门门槛虽低，但想要做好却需要掌握完整的外贸流程和专业知识。本文将为您详细解析外贸全流程，帮助您快速上手。

While the entry threshold for foreign trade is relatively low, mastering the complete foreign trade process and professional knowledge is essential to succeed. This article provides a detailed breakdown of the entire foreign trade process to help you get started quickly.

1. 客户查询(Inquiry)

客户在下单前会先向业务部门发送询盘，了解产品细节。

Before placing an order, customers will first send inquiries to the sales department to understand product details.

2. 报价(Quotation)

业务部门需及时回复，确认产品名称、型号、数量、交货期等细节，并通过形式发票报价。

The sales department should respond promptly, confirming product name, model, quantity, delivery date and other details, and provide quotations through proforma invoices.

3. 获得订单(Order Confirmation)

经过协商后收到客户的正式采购订单。

After negotiation, receive the customer's official purchase order.

4. 业务审批(Business Approval)

订单需经业务员、部门经理和管理人员三级审批，大额订单需总经理批准。

Orders require three-level approval from salesperson, department manager and management. Large orders need general manager's approval.

5. 生产通知(Production Notification)

确认交货期后，向工厂发出生产通知单。

After confirming the delivery date, issue production notification to the factory.

6. 验货(Inspection)

交货前一周安排公司验货员或客户指定验货员验货。

Arrange company inspectors or customer-designated inspectors one week before delivery.

7. 商检(Commodity Inspection)

法定商检产品需提前办理商检手续，获取换证凭条。

Products subject to statutory inspection require advance inspection procedures to obtain exchange certificates.

8. 租船订舱(Shipping Arrangement)

FOB条款下联系客户指定货代，CIF条款下自行选择船公司。

Under FOB terms, contact customer-designated freight forwarders; under CIF terms, choose shipping companies independently.

9. 委托报关(Customs Declaration)

将报关单证交给合作报关行，提前两天完成报关。

Submit customs declaration documents to cooperative customs brokers and complete declaration two days in advance.

10. 获取运输单据(Shipping Documents)

装船后两天内确认提单内容，及时支付运费获取正本提单。

Confirm bill of lading content within two days after shipment, pay freight promptly to obtain original B/L.

11. 收汇(Payment Collection)

信用证方式需严格审单后交银行议付，T/T方式需确认收款后寄正本单据。

Under L/C terms, submit documents to bank after strict review; under T/T terms, send original documents after confirming payment.

12. 业务登记(Business Registration)

每笔业务完成后及时登记，便于后续查询统计。

Register each completed transaction promptly for future reference and statistics.

13. 信息收集(Information Collection)

收集运价、船期等信息，为后续报价提供参考。

Collect freight rates, shipping schedules and other information as reference for future quotations.

掌握完整的外贸流程是外贸业务成功的关键。希望本文能帮助您顺利开展外贸业务。

Mastering the complete foreign trade process is key to success. We hope this article helps you conduct foreign trade business smoothly.