福州茉莉花茶：千年非遗技艺窨制"人间第一香"
北京时间11月29日晚，我国申报的"中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗"成功列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。其中，福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺作为44个国家级非遗代表性项目之一，向世界展示了中国茶文化的独特魅力。
On the evening of November 29 Beijing time, China's application for "Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China" was successfully inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Among them, the Fuzhou jasmine tea scenting process, as one of the 44 national-level intangible cultural heritage representative projects, showcases the unique charm of Chinese tea culture to the world.
千年传承的茉莉花茶技艺
Millennium-old Jasmine Tea Craft
福州是茉莉花茶的发源地，已有近千年历史。据明代顾元庆《茶谱》(1564年)记载，早在16世纪中叶，花茶窨制技术就已相当考究。清咸丰年间，福州茉莉花茶开始大量生产，畅销华北各地。1900年产量达三万担，1933年更是达到十五万担的高峰。
Fuzhou is the birthplace of jasmine tea with a history of nearly 1,000 years. According to Gu Yuanqing's "Tea Manual" (1564) from the Ming Dynasty, the tea scenting technology was already quite sophisticated as early as the mid-16th century. During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, Fuzhou jasmine tea began to be produced in large quantities and sold well in North China. In 1900, the output reached 30,000 dan (a unit of weight), and in 1933 it reached a peak of 150,000 dan.
独特的窨制工艺
Unique Scenting Process
茉莉花茶的窨制关键在于掌握茶坯的吸香性和茉莉鲜花的吐香性。优质茉莉花茶需选用高山芽叶肥壮的大白茶良种制成茶坯，配以伏天采摘的优质双瓣茉莉花，经多次窨制而成。其中，茉莉大白毫需七窨一提，茉莉银毫需六窨一提，工艺极为讲究。
The key to jasmine tea scenting lies in mastering the tea base's fragrance absorption and the jasmine flowers' fragrance release. High-quality jasmine tea requires selecting large white tea varieties with plump buds and leaves from high mountains as the tea base, paired with high-quality double-petal jasmine flowers picked during the dog days of summer, and undergoes multiple scenting processes. Among them, Jasmine Dahao requires seven scentings and one final touch, while Jasmine Yinhao requires six scentings and one final touch, demonstrating extremely exquisite craftsmanship.
非遗助推产业振兴
Intangible Heritage Boosts Industry Revitalization
2021年，福州茉莉花茶产量达1.68万吨，全产业链产值约58.3亿元，品牌价值达38.7亿元。福州计划到2025年实现"百亿茶产业"目标，培育10家以上产值过亿的龙头企业，让千年茉莉花茶技艺焕发新生。
In 2021, Fuzhou jasmine tea production reached 16,800 tons, with the entire industrial chain output value of about 5.83 billion yuan and brand value reaching 3.87 billion yuan. Fuzhou plans to achieve the goal of "10-billion-yuan tea industry" by 2025, cultivating more than 10 leading enterprises with output value exceeding 100 million yuan, revitalizing the millennia-old jasmine tea craftsmanship.
随着福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺入选人类非遗代表作名录，这项传承千年的传统技艺将得到更好的保护和传承，让世界共品这杯"人间第一香"。
With the Fuzhou jasmine tea scenting process being inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List, this millennia-old traditional craft will be better protected and inherited, allowing the world to share this cup of "the world's finest fragrance".
