中国出口奇迹：全球价值链如何成就外贸神话
中国海关总署最新数据显示，今年前7个月我国货物贸易进出口总值达23.6万亿元，同比增长10.4%。其中7月以美元计价的出口同比增长18%，远超海外预期。这一亮眼表现再次证明了中国经济的韧性。
Latest data from China's General Administration of Customs shows that in the first seven months of this year, China's total import and export value reached 23.6 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.4%. In particular, July's dollar-denominated exports grew by 18%, far exceeding overseas expectations. This outstanding performance once again demonstrates the resilience of China's economy.
《中国出口之谜：解码"全球价值链"》一书近期由生活·读书·新知三联书店出版，上市仅一周就位列当当网经济类新书第一名。该书突破传统经济理论，首次以"全球价值链"为框架，揭示了中国出口奇迹背后的真相。
The book "The Mystery of Chinese Exports: Decoding the 'Global Value Chain'", recently published by SDX Joint Publishing Company, topped Dangdang's economics bestseller list within a week of release. Breaking through traditional economic theories, the book for the first time uses the "global value chain" framework to reveal the truth behind China's export miracle.
传统理论无法解释的中国现象
Phenomena That Defy Traditional Theories
按照古典比较优势理论，中国应该出口劳动密集型产品，但现实却是中国成为世界高科技产品出口第一大国。《中国出口之谜》指出，中国企业通过深度参与跨国公司主导的全球价值链，获得了三种关键溢出效应：
According to classical comparative advantage theory, China should export labor-intensive products, but in reality China has become the world's largest exporter of high-tech products. "The Mystery of Chinese Exports" points out that Chinese enterprises have obtained three key spillover effects by deeply participating in the global value chain dominated by multinational corporations:
- 品牌溢出效应：如优衣库等国际品牌带动中国制造产品进入全球市场
- 技术创新溢出：苹果等公司推动东芝、康宁等供应商的技术商业化
- 销售网络溢出：通过沃尔玛等零售巨头的全球网络实现快速扩张
- Brand spillover effect: International brands like Uniqlo help Chinese-made products enter global markets
- Technology innovation spillover: Companies like Apple promote the commercialization of technologies from suppliers like Toshiba and Corning
- Sales network spillover: Rapid expansion through global networks of retail giants like Walmart
从iPhone看中国制造的升级之路
The Upgrade Path of Chinese Manufacturing Seen Through iPhones
作者通过解剖相隔十年的两部iPhone发现：2008年iPhone 3G中，中国仅贡献3.6%的增加值；而2018年iPhone X中，中国企业的贡献已提升至25.4%。这充分展现了中国制造在全球价值链中的顽强攀升。
By dissecting two iPhones ten years apart, the author found: In the 2008 iPhone 3G, China contributed only 3.6% of the added value; while in the 2018 iPhone X, Chinese enterprises' contribution had increased to 25.4%. This fully demonstrates the tenacious climb of Chinese manufacturing in the global value chain.
如今全球五大智能手机品牌中，华为、OPPO和小米占据三席。中国本土品牌的崛起证明，中国企业完全有能力向全球价值链高端发起冲击。
Today, among the world's top five smartphone brands, Huawei, OPPO and Xiaomi occupy three seats. The rise of Chinese local brands proves that Chinese enterprises are fully capable of challenging the high end of the global value chain.
专家访谈：发现"中国组装"背后的秘密
Expert Interview: Discovering the Secret Behind "Assembled in China"
本书作者邢予青教授表示，他的研究灵感来自iPhone背面"由苹果公司在加州设计在中国组装"这行字。当时他是"唯一注意到这句话的经济学家"，由此开启了对全球价值链与中国出口关系的研究。
The author Professor Xing Yuqing said his research inspiration came from the line "Designed by Apple in California, Assembled in China" on the back of an iPhone. At that time, he was "the only economist who noticed this sentence", thus beginning his research on the relationship between global value chains and Chinese exports.
邢教授指出，中国政府实施的加工贸易、吸引外资和加入WTO等政策，为中国企业参与全球价值链创造了有利条件。同时，中国在物流效率、知识产权保护和基础设施建设方面的进步，也大大提升了中国在全球价值链中的参与深度。
Professor Xing pointed out that the Chinese government's policies such as processing trade, attracting foreign investment and joining the WTO have created favorable conditions for Chinese enterprises to participate in global value chains. At the same time, China's progress in logistics efficiency, intellectual property protection and infrastructure construction has greatly enhanced China's participation depth in global value chains.
