数字治理在疫情防控中的关键作用：9大发展方向解析
数字治理在疫情防控中的关键作用：9大发展方向解析
The Crucial Role of Digital Governance in Epidemic Prevention: Analysis of 9 Key Development Directions
河南省人民医院专家团队通过互联智慧健康服务平台开展线上门诊接诊服务，这成为疫情防控期间数字治理应用的典型案例。与2003年非典防控相比，新冠肺炎疫情防控的最大特点在于信息技术的大规模应用和数字治理发挥的关键作用。
Henan Provincial People's Hospital expert team provided online consultation services through interconnected smart health platforms, becoming a typical case of digital governance application during epidemic prevention. Compared with SARS prevention in 2003, the most distinctive feature of COVID-19 prevention lies in the large-scale application of information technology and the crucial role of digital governance.
数字治理的现状与挑战
Current Status and Challenges of Digital Governance
在2020年2月14日召开的中央全面深化改革委员会第十二次会议上，中央领导特别强调"要鼓励运用大数据、人工智能、云计算等数字技术，在疫情监测分析、病毒溯源、防控救治、资源调配等方面更好发挥支撑作用"。
At the 12th meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms on February 14, 2020, central leaders particularly emphasized "encouraging the use of digital technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing to better support epidemic monitoring and analysis, virus tracing, prevention and treatment, and resource allocation".
数字治理面临的三大突出问题
Three Major Issues in Digital Governance
- 疫情直报系统失灵：国家投入重金建设的疫情直报系统在初期未能发挥作用，医疗机构不得不采用传统方式报送信息
- Failure of epidemic reporting system: The heavily invested national epidemic reporting system failed initially, forcing medical institutions to use traditional reporting methods
- 信息发布延迟：地方卫生部门的信息披露不及时，导致错过最佳防控时机
- Information disclosure delay: Untimely information disclosure by local health departments resulted in missing the optimal prevention window
- 智慧城市项目效果不佳：部分高投入的智慧城市项目在疫情防控中未能发挥预期作用
- Poor performance of smart city projects: Some high-investment smart city projects failed to deliver expected results in epidemic prevention
数字治理的9大发展方向
9 Key Development Directions for Digital Governance
基于疫情防控经验，专家提出数字治理需要重点加强的9个方向：
Based on epidemic prevention experience, experts proposed 9 key directions for strengthening digital governance:
- 强化"互联网+"思维：将数字化作为政府管理的默认选项
- Strengthen "Internet+" thinking: Make digitalization the default option for government management
- 实现"平战"转换：建立应急状态下的快速响应机制
- Achieve "peacetime-wartime" transition: Establish rapid response mechanisms for emergencies
- 突出功能性评估：以实际使用效果作为项目评估标准
- Emphasize functional evaluation: Use actual effectiveness as project evaluation criteria
- 推动数据共享：打破部门间数据壁垒
- Promote data sharing: Break down data barriers between departments
- 加强顶层设计：提高数据共享的统筹层级
- Strengthen top-level design: Enhance coordination level for data sharing
- 赋能基层组织：提升社区数字化治理能力
- Empower grassroots organizations: Improve digital governance capabilities at community level
- 规范平台经济：构建健康的数字治理生态
- Regulate platform economy: Build a healthy digital governance ecosystem
- 加快社会服务数字化：推进医疗、教育等领域数字化转型
- Accelerate digitalization of social services: Promote digital transformation in healthcare and education
- 保障数据安全：平衡数据利用与隐私保护
- Ensure data security: Balance data utilization and privacy protection
（作者马亮为中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院研究员、公共管理学院教授）
(Author Ma Liang is researcher at National Academy of Development and Strategy, Renmin University of China and professor at School of Public Administration)
