中国钢铁业2023年发展报告：出口强劲增长与低碳转型挑战
中国钢铁行业在2023年上半年展现出强劲的出口势头，同时面临着转型升级和低碳发展的多重挑战。根据中国钢铁工业协会数据，上半年钢材出口量同比增长31.3%，达到4358万吨。
China's steel industry demonstrated strong export momentum in the first half of 2023, while facing multiple challenges in transformation and low-carbon development. According to data from the China Iron and Steel Association, steel exports increased by 31.3% year-on-year to 43.58 million tons.
出口亮点：高附加值产品出口显著增长，板材出口占比达到历史新高的66%。马钢交材和天工国际等企业表现突出，出口收入分别增长34.9%和创下单月4000万美元的新纪录。
Export highlights: Significant growth in high-value-added product exports, with plate exports accounting for a record high of 66%. Companies like Ma Steel Wheel and Tiangong International performed exceptionally well, with export revenues increasing by 34.9% and setting a new monthly record of $40 million respectively.
行业挑战：尽管出口增长，但钢材出口均价同比下降24.7%，企业利润总额下降68.8%，亏损面达到44.6%。铁矿石价格高位波动也严重影响了行业利润。
Industry challenges: Despite export growth, the average export price of steel fell by 24.7% year-on-year, with total corporate profits down 68.8% and the loss-making rate reaching 44.6%. High fluctuations in iron ore prices have also severely impacted industry profits.
低碳转型：钢铁企业加速推进超低排放改造，87家企业已完成改造。河钢集团建成全球首例120万吨氢冶金示范工程，为汽车行业提供低碳钢材。
Low-carbon transition: Steel companies are accelerating ultra-low emission transformations, with 87 companies having completed the process. HBIS Group has built the world's first 1.2 million-ton hydrogen metallurgy demonstration project, providing low-carbon steel for the automotive industry.
欧盟碳关税影响：随着欧盟碳边境调节机制(CBAM)生效，中国钢铁企业面临新的贸易壁垒。专家预测，长期来看这将增加对欧出口成本，促使行业加速低碳转型。
Impact of EU carbon tariffs: With the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) taking effect, Chinese steel companies face new trade barriers. Experts predict this will increase export costs to Europe in the long term, prompting the industry to accelerate low-carbon transformation.
未来展望：中国钢铁工业协会表示，行业将坚持稳中求进，推动高端化、绿色化、智能化发展。预计下半年钢材出口增幅将收窄，企业需加强技术创新和产品升级。
Future outlook: The China Iron and Steel Association stated that the industry will adhere to the principle of seeking progress while maintaining stability, promoting high-end, green, and intelligent development. It is expected that steel export growth will narrow in the second half of the year, and companies need to strengthen technological innovation and product upgrading.
