跨境电商助推中国外贸加速发展 广东产业带优势凸显
跨境电商正成为中国外贸增长的新引擎。作为中国外贸景气程度的晴雨表，第135届广交会首次设立跨境电商和海外仓展示区，吸引了来自215个国家和地区的24.5万余名境外采购商参会，线下外贸出口成交额达247亿美元，同比增长10.7%。
Cross-border e-commerce is becoming a new engine for China's foreign trade growth. As a barometer of China's foreign trade prosperity, the 135th Canton Fair for the first time set up a cross-border e-commerce and overseas warehouse exhibition area, attracting more than 245,000 overseas buyers from 215 countries and regions, with offline export transactions reaching $24.7 billion, a year-on-year increase of 10.7%.
据海关统计，今年一季度我国跨境电商进出口5776亿元，同比增长9.6%，其中广东跨境电商进出口额突破2000亿元，占全国近三分之一。广东省全年跨境电商进出口8433.4亿元、增长25.2%，占外贸比重首次突破1/10，规模居全国首位。
According to customs statistics, China's cross-border e-commerce imports and exports reached 577.6 billion yuan in the first quarter of this year, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%, of which Guangdong's cross-border e-commerce import and export volume exceeded 200 billion yuan, accounting for nearly one-third of the national total. Guangdong's annual cross-border e-commerce import and export volume reached 843.34 billion yuan, an increase of 25.2%, accounting for more than 1/10 of foreign trade for the first time, ranking first in the country.
传统外贸转型：从"五手交易"到直面消费者
Traditional Foreign Trade Transformation: From "Five-Hand Transactions" to Direct Consumer Facing
跨境电商诞生前，我国贸易方式以一般贸易、加工贸易为主。按照传统外贸规则，一件澄海生产的小玩具，至少经过"五手"才能到海外消费者手上。出厂价仅10元人民币的小玩具，在美国售价可能超过10美元，但属于澄海工厂的利润只有1元人民币。
Before the birth of cross-border e-commerce, China's trade methods were mainly general trade and processing trade. According to traditional foreign trade rules, a small toy produced in Chenghai had to go through at least "five hands" before reaching overseas consumers. A small toy with a factory price of only 10 yuan may sell for more than $10 in the United States, but the profit belonging to Chenghai factory is only 1 yuan.
"工厂原本以B端供应为主，但近年全球消费模式转变，C端需求出现井喷，小体量订单越来越多，传统贸易模式越来越行不通了。"东莞彤鑫实业集团首席执行官张何文表示，公司供应商从原本4家规模供应商转变为32家小厂商，数量翻了八倍。
"Factories originally mainly supplied to the B-end, but in recent years, global consumption patterns have changed, C-end demand has exploded, small-volume orders have become more and more, and traditional trade models have become increasingly unworkable," said Zhang Hewen, CEO of Dongguan Tongxin Industrial Group. The company's suppliers have changed from the original 4 large suppliers to 32 small manufacturers, an eight-fold increase.
全托管模式：降低出海门槛 助力品牌建设
Full Hosting Model: Lowering Barriers to Going Global and Supporting Brand Building
据市场分析机构data.ai报告，SHEIN2023年再度斩获全球购物类APP下载量冠军，TEMU、亚马逊分列第二、三位。这些平台推出的全托管模式大大降低了商家出海的难度。
According to a report by market analysis agency data.ai, SHEIN once again won the championship in global shopping APP downloads in 2023, with TEMU and Amazon ranking second and third respectively. The full hosting model launched by these platforms has greatly reduced the difficulty for merchants to go global.
"只需要把东西发到他们在国内的仓库，后面包括流量投放、店铺运营、售后服务、跨境物流和尾程物流，平台都会帮你完成。"玩具卖家陈哲表示，这种模式让卖家可以专心生产供货，吸引在成本上有优势的源头厂家。
"Just send the goods to their domestic warehouses, and the platform will help you complete the subsequent work including traffic delivery, store operation, after-sales service, cross-border logistics and last-mile logistics," said Chen Zhe, a toy seller. This model allows sellers to focus on production and supply, attracting source manufacturers with cost advantages.
跨境电商平台的吸引力还在于助力生产企业打造品牌。尽管已包揽全球33%的玩具产能，但能叫响名字的澄海玩具品牌并不多。"跨境电商是未来国际贸易转型发展的重要趋势，在服务中国企业出海，打造全球化品牌与渠道建设等方面将发挥重要作用。"商务部专家李鸣涛表示。
The attractiveness of cross-border e-commerce platforms also lies in helping manufacturers build brands. Although Chenghai already accounts for 33% of global toy production capacity, there are not many well-known Chenghai toy brands. "Cross-border e-commerce is an important trend in the transformation and development of international trade in the future, and will play an important role in serving Chinese companies going global, building global brands and channel construction," said Li Mingtao, an expert from the Ministry of Commerce.
未来趋势：海外仓布局与产业带深度融合
Future Trends: Deep Integration of Overseas Warehouse Layout and Industrial Belts
跨境电商竞赛点已挪至海外仓的设置上。第135届广交会跨境电商和海外仓展示区汇聚158家企业，规模达3000平方米。"我们产品的用户，现在只要在网上点击下单，就可以当天安装、当天调试、当天生产、当天使用。"广东碧隆供应链有限公司工程师胡海森表示，这得益于132个海外仓的建立。
The competition point of cross-border e-commerce has moved to the setting of overseas warehouses. The cross-border e-commerce and overseas warehouse exhibition area of the 135th Canton Fair gathered 158 companies with a scale of 3,000 square meters. "Our product users can now click to place an order online, and can install, debug, produce and use on the same day," said Hu Haisen, an engineer of Guangdong Bilong Supply Chain Co., Ltd., which benefits from the establishment of 132 overseas warehouses.
今年5月，广东发布《关于实施"五外联动"推进高水平对外开放的意见》，提出打造20个"产业集群+跨境电商"园区，建设500个较大规模海外仓。广州产业带基础雄厚，集聚效应明显，SHEIN、TEMU的供应链总部都设在广州。
In May this year, Guangdong issued the "Opinions on Implementing the 'Five Foreign Linkages' to Promote High-Level Opening to the Outside World", proposing to build 20 "industrial cluster + cross-border e-commerce" parks and build 500 large-scale overseas warehouses. Guangzhou has a strong industrial belt foundation and obvious agglomeration effect. The supply chain headquarters of SHEIN and TEMU are both located in Guangzhou.
"跨境电商是大势所趋。"广州市商务局副局长吴伟华表示，广州跨境电商占全市外贸的比重从2019年的4.4%提升至2023年的近20%，接下来将全力打造"跨境电商之城"。
"Cross-border e-commerce is the general trend," said Wu Weihua, deputy director of Guangzhou Municipal Commerce Bureau. Guangzhou's cross-border e-commerce accounted for 4.4% of the city's foreign trade in 2019, rising to nearly 20% in 2023. Next, Guangzhou will make every effort to build a "cross-border e-commerce city".
