外贸企业面临双重压力：花卉进出口"物流受阻+订单锐减"的破局之道
外贸企业面临双重压力：花卉进出口"物流受阻+订单锐减"的破局之道
Double Challenges for Flower Import-Export Trade: Logistics Disruptions & Order Declines
疫情下的行业困境 | Industry Challenges Under Pandemic
"到处都是交通管控，物流很不顺畅。"从事花卉进出口贸易的企业主们近期普遍反映，全球疫情持续导致供应链风险剧增，形成"进口慢，出口难"的双重困局。海关数据显示，2021年我国花卉出口创4.57亿美元历史新高（同比增长19.16%），但2022年开春疫情使增长势头急转直下。
"Everywhere there are traffic controls, logistics are very unsmooth." Flower import-export traders generally report that the ongoing pandemic has dramatically increased supply chain risks, creating a double dilemma of "slow imports, difficult exports". Customs data shows China's flower exports hit a record $457 million in 2021 (up 19.16% YoY), but the spring 2022 outbreak abruptly reversed the growth momentum.
出口市场分析 | Export Market Analysis
福建、广东、云南三省占全国花卉出口总额70.86%。漳州市花卉进出口协会秘书长董金龙透露："海运时间延长两周以上，空运运费暴涨，加上国外生产恢复，中国企业订单量明显减少。"广东王朝兰花园的越南订单延迟近月，印证了跨境物流的严峻形势。
Fujian, Guangdong and Yunnan account for 70.86% of national flower exports. Dong Jinlong, Secretary-General of Zhangzhou Flower Import-Export Association, revealed: "Sea shipping time extended over two weeks, air freight rates soared, and with overseas production resuming, Chinese companies' orders decreased significantly." Guangdong Dynasty Orchid Garden's Vietnam order being delayed nearly a month confirms the severe cross-border logistics situation.
进口难题聚焦 | Import Challenges
北京瑞承国际的孔庆峰表示："货柜滞留港口三周，仅滞箱费就达3万元，检疫时间过长导致鲜活商品损耗严重。"厦门爱垦园艺总经理詹瑞琪指出："各省检疫审批标准不统一，农林系统信息不互通，极大增加企业运营成本。"
Kong Qingfeng of Beijing Ruicheng International said: "Containers stranded at ports for three weeks, with detention fees reaching 30,000 yuan. Overlong quarantine time causes severe damage to perishable goods." Zhan Ruiqi, GM of Xiamen Aiken Horticulture noted: "Inconsistent quarantine approval standards across provinces and unconnected agricultural/forestry systems significantly increase operational costs."
行业解决方案 | Industry Solutions
从业者建议：
1. 海关优化流程：增加检疫人员配置，建立快速通道
2. 统一审批标准：实现跨省检疫结果互认
3. 物流替代方案：发展中欧班列等陆运通道
4. 数字化转型：推广电子单证和线上申报系统
Industry suggestions:
1. Customs process optimization: Increase quarantine staff and establish fast channels
2. Standardize approval criteria: Achieve inter-provincial quarantine recognition
3. Logistics alternatives: Develop land channels like China-Europe Railway Express
4. Digital transformation: Promote e-documents and online declaration systems
政策支持 | Policy Support
海关最新发布的《出境种苗花卉生产企业注册登记指南》明确要求：
- 种植基地需符合输入国防疫标准
- 建立完整的种植溯源档案
- 详细记录有害生物防治措施
该政策将助力企业提升国际竞争力，应对当前贸易挑战。
The newly released Guidelines for Registration of Export Seedling and Flower Producers specify:
- Planting bases must meet importing countries' phytosanitary standards
- Establish complete planting traceability records
- Document pest control measures in detail
This policy will help enhance companies' global competitiveness to address current trade challenges.
