元朝和清朝是否属于中国历史？蒙古国如何看待元朝？
严格来说，元朝和清朝当然是中国历史上的朝代，只不过它们不是由汉族建立的王朝。中国是一个多民族国家，这片土地上任何民族建立的、以中华文化传承为主体的政权，都属于中国的历史范畴。
Strictly speaking, the Yuan and Qing dynasties were undoubtedly part of Chinese history, although they were not established by the Han ethnic group. China is a multi-ethnic country, and any regime founded by any ethnic group on this land, with Chinese cultural heritage as its mainstay, belongs to the historical scope of China.
在古代世界，并没有现代意义上的"民族国家"概念——这是第一次世界大战后才形成的现代观念。古代中国实行的是"家天下"制度：大唐是李家的，大明是朱家的，大清是爱新觉罗家的。而且皇权不下县，基层社会主要由中国传统家族乡绅体系治理，中华文明的文化传承从未中断。
In the ancient world, there was no concept of "nation-state" in the modern sense - this is a modern notion formed after World War I. Ancient China practiced a "family-ruled empire" system: the Tang belonged to the Li family, the Ming to the Zhu family, and the Qing to the Aisin Gioro family. Moreover, imperial power didn't extend below the county level, with grassroots society mainly governed by China's traditional gentry system. The cultural heritage of Chinese civilization has never been interrupted.
如果把中华文明比作一个大苹果，这些少数民族统治者最多只能算是苹果皮——文明的主体和内核始终一脉相承。至于蒙古人如何看待元朝？这个问题恐怕要问蒙古人自己。人类都有怀旧心理，就像俗话说的"好汉不提当年勇"，但谁都难免会追忆祖上曾经的辉煌。
If we compare Chinese civilization to a big apple, these ethnic minority rulers were at most the peel - the main body and core of the civilization have always been continuous. As for how Mongolians view the Yuan Dynasty? That question would have to be asked to Mongolians themselves. Humans all have nostalgia, as the saying goes "a true hero doesn't boast about past glories," but everyone inevitably recalls their ancestors' former splendor.
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