五天学会外贸全流程：从入门到精通
外贸新手必读：对于刚入行的外贸从业者来说，理论知识和实际操作往往存在差距。系统掌握外贸全流程是开展业务的关键，直接影响订单洽谈、生产和收款等核心环节。本文将为您详细解析外贸公司的标准操作流程。
Must-read for Beginners: There's often a gap between theoretical knowledge and practical operations for new foreign trade practitioners. Systematically mastering the entire trade process is crucial for business development, directly affecting core aspects like order negotiation, production, and payment collection. This article provides a detailed analysis of standard operating procedures in foreign trade companies.
1. 产品选择
选品策略：个人SOHO创业者尤其需要注意，产品选择不当会导致所有努力白费。
1. Product Selection
Selection Strategy: SOHO entrepreneurs should pay special attention - wrong product choices can render all efforts futile.
2. 客户开发
17种有效方法：B2B平台(阿里巴巴、中国制造、谷歌独立站)、主动开发(谷歌搜索、谷歌地图、海关数据、邮件营销)、SNS社交营销(领英、脸书、Ins、Pinterest、TikTok)、黄页、线上线下展会。
2. Client Development
17 Effective Methods: B2B platforms (Alibaba, Made-in-China, Google independent sites), active development (Google search, Google Maps, customs data, email marketing), SNS social marketing (LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, TikTok), yellow pages, online/offline exhibitions.
3. 询盘与报价
客户通常会先发送采购询盘(Order Inquiry)了解细节。业务部需及时回复，确认产品名称、型号、数量、交货期等关键信息，并通过形式发票(Proforma Invoice)正式报价。
3. Inquiry & Quotation
Clients usually send purchase inquiries (Order Inquiry) first to understand details. The business department should respond promptly, confirm key information like product name, model, quantity, delivery time, etc., and provide formal quotations through Proforma Invoice.
4. 订单确认
谈判成功后，收到客户正式采购订单(Purchase Order)。口头通知工厂订单详情，要求确认交货期。向工厂下达详细生产单(包括货名、数量、材质、包装等要求)。
4. Order Confirmation
After successful negotiation, receive the formal Purchase Order from client. Verbally inform factory about order details and request confirmation of delivery time. Issue detailed production order to factory (including product name, quantity, material, packaging requirements, etc.).
5. 业务审批
业务部需制作业务审核表，如实填写出口合同审核表，列明预计费用。附上客户订单和工厂收购合同，经业务员、部门经理、管理部三级审批。大额订单需总经理审批。
5. Business Approval
The business department needs to prepare an approval form, truthfully complete the export contract review form, and list estimated costs. Attach customer order and factory purchase contract for three-level approval by salesperson, department manager, and management department. Large orders require general manager approval.
关键支付条款：
• L/C付款：交货期前1个月确认信用证，仔细审查条款
• T/T付款：确认定金到账
• 赊销客户：需经理确认
Key Payment Terms:
• L/C payment: Confirm letter of credit 1 month before delivery, carefully review terms
• T/T payment: Confirm deposit received
• Credit sales: Requires manager confirmation
6. 验货流程
• 交货期前1周安排公司验货员验货
• 客户指定验货需提前1周预约
• 第三方验货需提前2周安排
6. Inspection Process
• Arrange company inspector 1 week before delivery
• Client-specified inspection requires 1 week advance booking
• Third-party inspection needs 2 weeks advance arrangement
7. 单证准备
根据工厂装箱资料制作出口合同、商业发票、装箱单等基本文件。法定商检产品需提前准备相关文件，并在发货前1周取得商检凭证。
7. Documentation
Prepare basic documents like export contracts, commercial invoices, packing lists based on factory packing information. Products requiring legal inspection need relevant documents prepared in advance, with inspection certificates obtained 1 week before shipment.
SEO优化提示：本文包含"外贸流程"、"外贸入门"、"外贸订单"等高价值关键词，适合外贸培训、B2B平台等商业场景使用。
SEO Tips: This article contains high-value keywords like "foreign trade process", "trade beginner", "export orders", suitable for trade training, B2B platforms and other business scenarios.
