集装箱运费突破20000美元：全球供应链危机与船公司附加费调整深度分析
集装箱运费突破20000美元：全球供应链危机与船公司附加费调整深度分析
Container Freight Rates Surpass $20,000: Deep Analysis of Global Supply Chain Crisis and Shipping Surcharges
自2021年1月以来，全球集装箱海运价格持续飙升，涨幅已达4倍。最新数据显示，中国至美国的40英尺集装箱运费已突破20000美元大关，创下历史新高。
Since January 2021, global container shipping rates have continued to soar, with an increase of up to 4 times. The latest data shows that the freight rate for 40-foot containers from China to the United States has exceeded the $20,000 mark, hitting a record high.
价格上涨原因分析：
Analysis of price increase reasons:
- 美国购物旺季临近，零售商订单激增
- The approaching US shopping season and surge in retailer orders
- 德尔塔病毒导致全球集装箱周转率下降
- Delta variant has slowed global container turnover rates
- 7月下旬中国南部台风影响
- Typhoons in southern China in late July
业内人士预测，这种极端运价行情可能持续至2022年春节。随着运价飙升，多家船公司已开始征收或上调附加费：
Industry insiders predict that this extreme freight rate situation may continue until the 2022 Spring Festival. As freight rates soar, several shipping companies have begun to impose or increase surcharges:
主要船公司附加费调整：
Major shipping company surcharge adjustments:
| 公司/Company | 调整内容/Adjustment Content | 生效日期/Effective Date |
|---|---|---|
| 赫伯罗特/Hapag-Lloyd | 东亚至南美东海岸GRI：500美元/箱 | 2021年8月9日 |
| 马士基/Maersk | 亚洲至澳大利亚PSS：750-1500美元/箱 | 2021年8月16日 |
| 达飞/CMA CGM | 亚洲至南美东海岸OWS：300美元/20尺箱 | 2021年9月5日 |
港口拥堵附加费(PCS)情况：
Port Congestion Surcharge (PCS) situation:
达飞宣布自8月15日起，对亚洲至英国利物浦航线征收150美元/TEU的PCS，原因是港口拥堵导致运营成本显著增加。
CMA CGM announced that from August 15, a PCS of $150/TEU will be imposed on the Asia-Liverpool route due to port congestion leading to a significant increase in operating costs.
地中海航运(MSC)公告：
Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) announcement:
自8月15日起对亚洲至欧洲西北大陆航线征收附加费，原因是港口防疫措施导致船舶等待时间大幅延长。
From August 15, surcharges will be imposed on the Asia-Northwest Europe route due to epidemic prevention measures at ports leading to significantly extended vessel waiting times.
