中国国际贸易新主张：打破"赢者通吃"旧秩序 构建合作共赢新格局
改革开放以来，中国积极融入世界贸易分工体系。2013年，中国进出口货物贸易总额突破4万亿美元，超越美国成为全球第一大货物贸易国，并不断扩大这一优势。
Since the reform and opening up, China has actively integrated into the global trade division system. In 2013, China's total import and export volume of goods exceeded 4 trillion US dollars, surpassing the United States to become the world's largest goods trading country, and has continued to expand this advantage.
"赢者通吃"的贸易旧秩序
The "Winner-Takes-All" Old Trade Order
贸易对一个国家的经济至关重要，它是一国经济的杠杆。历史上的超级大国无一例外都是贸易大国。
Trade is crucial to a country's economy as it serves as an economic lever. Historically, all superpowers have been major trading nations without exception.
二战后，美国逐渐成为主导世界的超级大国。在这一模式下，美国通过美元获取铸币税。技术差异导致美国和发展中国家形成产业链高端和低端的分工，利润差使美国始终居于全球贸易价值链的顶端。
After World War II, the United States gradually became the dominant superpower. Under this model, the United States obtains seigniorage through the US dollar. Technological differences have led to the division of labor between the United States and developing countries in the high-end and low-end of the industrial chain, and the profit difference has kept the United States at the top of the global trade value chain.
"合作共赢"的中国主张
China's "Win-Win Cooperation" Proposition
党的二十大以来，我们党形成了系统的经济理论思想。中国提出的"合作共赢"思想旨在打破过去的旧秩序，摈弃"零和博弈"的逻辑，主张多赢。
Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has formed a systematic economic theory. China's proposed "win-win cooperation" concept aims to break the old order, abandon the "zero-sum game" logic, and advocate for multiple wins.
"一带一路"倡议是"中国主张"的具体行动。我们甘愿先投入、多让利，关键在于我们算大账，既通过"一带一路"建设带动中国中西部的发展，又给其他国家共享中国发展带来的机遇。
The "Belt and Road" Initiative is a concrete action of "China's proposition". We are willing to invest first and give more benefits, the key is that we calculate the big picture, not only driving the development of central and western China through the "Belt and Road" construction, but also allowing other countries to share the opportunities brought by China's development.
深化改革的承诺，是对非公平竞争谣言的回应。中国承诺对外开放市场，而且是更高质量的对外开放。首先，进一步扩大市场准入。其次，加强知识产权保护。
The commitment to deepening reforms is a response to rumors of unfair competition. China is committed to opening its market to the outside world, and it is a higher-quality opening. First, further expand market access. Second, strengthen intellectual property protection.
国内国际市场双循环的理论，回应了世界对中国产能过剩、输出世界的担忧。中国企业遵守国际规则，并且通过市场经济的方式参与国际竞争。
The theory of "dual circulation" of domestic and international markets responds to the world's concerns about China's overcapacity and output to the world. Chinese companies comply with international rules and participate in international competition through market economy methods.
（作者为上海师范大学商学院副教授）
(The author is an associate professor at the Business School of Shanghai Normal University)