透视我国外贸进出口半年报：贸易规模有突破 促稳提质有支撑
新华社北京7月13日电 13日，我国外贸半年报出炉。面对复杂严峻的外部环境，今年上半年我国外贸进出口稳中提质、符合预期：同比增长2.1%，规模在历史同期首次突破20万亿元。
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 13 China's foreign trade report for the first half of the year was released on the 13th. Facing a complex and severe external environment, China's foreign trade imports and exports in the first half of this year have shown steady progress and quality improvement, meeting expectations: a year-on-year increase of 2.1%, with the scale exceeding 20 trillion yuan for the first time in history during the same period.
海关总署统计分析司司长吕大良表示，当前，世界经济复苏乏力，全球贸易投资放缓，单边主义、保护主义和地缘政治等风险上升，但我国外贸顶住了压力、稳住了规模、提升了质量，外贸发展总体平稳。
Lv Daliang, Director of the Department of Statistics and Analysis of the General Administration of Customs, stated that currently, the global economic recovery is weak, global trade and investment are slowing down, and risks such as unilateralism, protectionism, and geopolitics are rising. However, China's foreign trade has withstood the pressure, stabilized its scale, and improved its quality, with overall stable development.
新突破——外贸规模创历史同期新高
New Breakthrough: Foreign Trade Scale Reaches a Historic High
20.1万亿元——上半年我国进出口保持增长，规模创下新高点。“这在历史同期上是第一次，是里程碑式的新突破。”吕大良评价说，从增量上看，上半年我国外贸进出口总值同比增加了4000多亿元，相当于我国去年一整年300多万辆汽车出口的总值。
20.1 trillion yuan—China's imports and exports maintained growth in the first half of the year, reaching a new high. "This is the first time in history during the same period, marking a milestone breakthrough," commented Lv Daliang. In terms of incremental growth, the total value of China's foreign trade imports and exports in the first half of the year increased by more than 400 billion yuan year-on-year, equivalent to the total value of over 3 million cars exported by China last year.
“这份成绩单实为不易。”国务院发展研究中心宏观经济研究部研究室主任杨光普表示，这是克服主要发达经济体需求明显回落、地缘政治冲突持续、贸易保护主义高涨等不利因素，也是在疫情过后全球零售企业加速去库存，以及防疫物资和“宅经济”产品等前期“一次性拉动因素”消退的情况下取得的新突破，彰显我国外贸承压前行的增长动力和发展韧性。
"This report card is truly hard-won," said Yang Guangpu, Director of the Macroeconomic Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council. This breakthrough was achieved despite unfavorable factors such as a significant decline in demand from major developed economies, ongoing geopolitical conflicts, and rising trade protectionism, as well as the fading of one-time driving factors like pandemic prevention supplies and "stay-at-home economy" products after the pandemic. It demonstrates the growth momentum and development resilience of China's foreign trade under pressure.
新亮点——活力走强、结构更优、动能汇聚
New Highlights: Strengthened Vitality, Optimized Structure, and Gathered Momentum
记者近期在各地调研发现，随着一系列稳外贸政策措施效应持续显现，外贸人拓市场更有劲头，外贸企业发展更有奔头，外贸进出口亮点频现。
Recent investigations by reporters in various regions have found that as the effects of a series of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade continue to emerge, foreign trade practitioners are more motivated to expand markets, foreign trade enterprises are more hopeful for development, and highlights in foreign trade imports and exports are frequent.
——外贸活力走强。上半年，我国有进出口实绩的外贸企业54万家，同比增加6.9％。其中，经营灵活度高、市场适应性强的民营企业依旧是外贸稳增长的主力军，上半年进出口增速高于整体6.8个百分点，规模占进出口总值的比重提升至52.7％，拉动整体增长4.4个百分点。
——Strengthened vitality in foreign trade. In the first half of the year, there were 540,000 foreign trade enterprises in China with actual import and export performance, a year-on-year increase of 6.9%. Among them, private enterprises with high operational flexibility and strong market adaptability remain the main force for stable growth in foreign trade. The import and export growth rate of private enterprises in the first half of the year was 6.8 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate, and their scale accounted for 52.7% of the total import and export value, driving overall growth by 4.4 percentage points.
新挑战——不稳定、不确定、难预料因素较多
New Challenges: Many Unstable, Uncertain, and Unpredictable Factors
世贸组织预计今年全球货物贸易量增长1.7%，明显低于过去12年2.6%的平均水平；主要发达经济体通胀水平仍然较高，持续加息抑制了投资和消费需求；6月份中国制造业采购经理指数（PMI）继续处于收缩区间，其中新出口订单指数较上月下降0.8个百分点，连续4个月下降……
The World Trade Organization predicts that global merchandise trade volume will grow by 1.7% this year, significantly lower than the average level of 2.6% over the past 12 years; inflation levels in major developed economies remain high, and continuous interest rate hikes have suppressed investment and consumer demand; China's manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) in June continued to be in the contraction range, with the new export orders index dropping by 0.8 percentage points from the previous month, marking the fourth consecutive month of decline...
杨光普表示，未来一个时期，无论从全球经济总需求的前景看，还是从国际经贸格局调整的进程看，产能转移、订单转移的压力短期难以消除，不稳定、不确定、难预料因素依旧较多，我国外贸稳增长仍面临较大压力。
Yang Guangpu stated that in the coming period, whether from the perspective of the global economic aggregate demand outlook or the process of adjustment in the international economic and trade landscape, the pressure of capacity and order transfers will be difficult to eliminate in the short term. There are still many unstable, uncertain, and unpredictable factors, and China's foreign trade still faces significant pressure to stabilize growth.
吕大良说，贸易放缓是各个经济体面临的共同挑战，困难更多是全球性的。与周边已公布数据的经济体相比，我国外贸竞争优势稳中加固。“我们根据WTO公布的最新国际数据进行测算，前4个月，我国出口产品占国际市场份额实现小幅提升，可见我们外贸表现出更强的竞争力。”
Lv Daliang said that trade slowdown is a common challenge faced by all economies, and the difficulties are more global. Compared with neighboring economies that have released data, China's foreign trade competitive advantages are steadily strengthening. "Based on the latest international data released by the WTO, we calculated that in the first four months, China's export products achieved a slight increase in their share of the international market, indicating that our foreign trade has shown stronger competitiveness."
