东莞外贸企业订单保卫战：如何在全球经济下行中突围？
南方财经全媒体记者 郑康喜 东莞报道
By Zheng Kangxi, Southern Finance Omnimedia Correspondent, Dongguan
近期，中国贸促会发布6月中国外贸出口先行指数快报，快报显示，6月中国外贸出口先行指数为73.07，同比减少16.07。预计7月先行指数较6月减少区间为0.25-0.57。这一定程度预示着，7月我国外贸形势依旧不容过度乐观。
Recently, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade released the preliminary report on China's foreign trade export leading index for June. The report shows that the index was 73.07 in June, a year-on-year decrease of 16.07. It is estimated that the leading index for July will decrease by 0.25-0.57 compared to June. This indicates that China's foreign trade situation in July remains not overly optimistic.
作为全国的外贸重镇，东莞一直以来是观察我国外贸发展变化的样本。今年上半年，受到全球经济疲软和国际形势变化加剧影响，东莞进出口下行压力继续加大。根据黄埔海关数据，今年一季度，东莞出口同比去年下滑4.4%。此前发布的1-5月经济数据中，东莞并未公开其进出口情况。
As a crucial hub for foreign trade in China, Dongguan has always been a sample for observing the development and changes in the country's foreign trade. In the first half of this year, affected by global economic weakness and intensifying international situation changes, the downward pressure on Dongguan's imports and exports has continued to increase. According to data from Huangpu Customs, Dongguan's exports in the first quarter of this year decreased by 4.4% year-on-year. In the previously released economic data for January-May, Dongguan did not disclose its import and export figures.
外贸企业面临"接单难"
Foreign Trade Enterprises Face "Order Difficulties"
进入7月，东莞银辉玩具整体订单仍旧未回到疫情前水平。这家大型电动玩具企业，主要海外市场为欧美国家。"每年6-8月，是欧美国家圣诞用品出货高峰期，按照行规，客户会在5月左右完成下单，但今年企业接到的新订单寥寥无几。"公司负责人肖文典说。
In July, Dongguan Yin Hui Toys' overall orders have still not returned to pre-pandemic levels. This large electric toy company mainly targets European and American markets. "Every year from June to August is the peak shipping season for Christmas products in Europe and America. According to industry practice, customers usually place orders around May, but this year the company has received very few new orders," said Xiao Wendian, the company's负责人.
订单不足，是过去半年我国外贸的主要难点。今年4月，商务部国际贸易谈判代表兼副部长王受文曾表示，今年外贸形势严峻复杂，订单下降、需求不足是主要困难。在世界经济复苏乏力的上半年，全国各地都面临着严峻的稳外贸压力。
Insufficient orders have been the main difficulty for China's foreign trade in the past six months. In April this year, Wang Shouwen, China's International Trade Representative and Vice Minister of Commerce, stated that this year's foreign trade situation is severe and complex, with order declines and insufficient demand being the main challenges. In the first half of the year with weak global economic recovery, all regions of the country face severe pressure to stabilize foreign trade.
向全球价值链高端跃升
Climbing Up the Global Value Chain
复杂严峻的外部经济形势，让很多东莞外贸企业承压前行。稳住现有客户订单，成为外贸企业下半年的主要任务。南方财经全媒体记者采访发现，对于东莞诸多传统产业而言，它们长期以欧美市场为核心，无论在客源、产品还是价格方面，均已深度嵌入且各项优势明显。
The complex and severe external economic situation has put many Dongguan foreign trade enterprises under pressure to move forward. Stabilizing existing customer orders has become the main task for foreign trade enterprises in the second half of the year. Southern Finance Omnimedia reporters found that for many traditional industries in Dongguan, they have long been centered on European and American markets, deeply embedded in terms of customer base, products, and prices, with obvious advantages in various aspects.
与此同时，升丽针织还不断扩大开发团队规模，引进多个全球领先的设计软件，大大增强企业在研发设计上的竞争力。通过高端技术调整产品结构，进一步向价值链上游攀升，稳住现有订单。
At the same time, Shengli Knitting continues to expand its development team size, introducing multiple globally leading design software, greatly enhancing the company's competitiveness in R&D and design. By adjusting product structure with high-end technology, it further climbs up the value chain to stabilize existing orders.
但在一系列困难背后，不应忽视的一点是，国际市场需求端并非全部疲软，以光伏、储能为代表的新能源行业，一直在上涨。前5个月，广东全省电动载人汽车、锂电池、太阳能电池出口分别增长7.8倍、31.7%、79.5%，表现抢眼。
However, behind a series of difficulties, one point that should not be overlooked is that not all international market demand is weak. The new energy industry represented by photovoltaics and energy storage has been rising. In the first five months, Guangdong's exports of electric passenger vehicles, lithium batteries, and solar cells increased by 7.8 times, 31.7%, and 79.5% respectively, with eye-catching performance.
而作为外贸大市，东莞之所以蝉联多年全国外贸城市前5强，其自身具有完备的先进制造体系和不断强化的科技创新能力是最大底气，也是东莞稳外贸订单，并向全球价值链高端攀升的核心动力。
As a major foreign trade city, the reason why Dongguan has ranked among the top five foreign trade cities in the country for many years is its complete advanced manufacturing system and continuously strengthened technological innovation capabilities, which are its greatest confidence and the core driving force for Dongguan to stabilize foreign trade orders and climb to the high end of the global value chain.