全球钻石行业陷入混乱？天然钻石价格或将飙升
随着西方国家对俄制裁加剧，全球钻石供应链正面临严重冲击。 以美国为首的西方国家正逐步加大对俄罗斯进出口商品的制裁力度，越来越多的行业正在受其波及。
As Western sanctions against Russia intensify, the global diamond supply chain is facing severe shocks. Led by the United States, Western countries are gradually increasing sanctions on Russian imports and exports, affecting more and more industries.
美国对俄罗斯钻石巨头埃罗莎公司(Alrosa)的制裁正在使全球钻石行业陷入混乱。制造商、加工商以及贸易商等为了获得钻石，不得不为这一系列的制裁而买单。
U.S. sanctions against Russian diamond giant Alrosa are throwing the global diamond industry into chaos. Manufacturers, processors and traders are having to pay the price for these sanctions to obtain diamonds.
全球最大钻石加工中心受影响
World's Largest Diamond Processing Center Affected
位于印度西部古吉拉特邦的苏拉特市(Surat)是全球最大的钻石抛光中心。印度宝石和珠宝出口促进委员会(GJEPC)数据显示：
Surat in Gujarat, western India, is the world's largest diamond polishing center. Data from the Gem & Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC) shows:
- 全球近90%的钻石在这里加工
- Nearly 90% of the world's diamonds are processed here
- 28%的原材料来自俄罗斯
- 28% of raw materials come from Russia
四月份数据显示，印度毛坯钻进口额仅为13.1亿美元，环比下降35.68%，同比下降22.84%。
April data shows India's rough diamond imports were only $1.31 billion, down 35.68% month-on-month and 22.84% year-on-year.
工厂停工、工人收入锐减
Factory Shutdowns, Workers' Income Plummets
制裁打击了依赖进口毛坯钻的加工行业：
Sanctions have hit the processing industry that relies on imported rough diamonds:
- 苏拉特地区大型加工厂每周工作时间缩减至3-4天
- Large processing plants in Surat have reduced working hours to 3-4 days per week
- 小型工厂处于停工状态
- Small factories are in shutdown
印度宝石和珠宝出口委员会地区负责人纳瓦迪亚表示："假设今天有100颗钻石在古吉拉特邦切割和抛光，就有65颗来自俄罗斯。由于供应短缺，现在这里的人们把工作时间从8小时缩短到6小时。"
Nawadia, regional head of the GJEPC, said: "If 100 diamonds are cut and polished in Gujarat today, 65 come from Russia. Due to shortages, people here have reduced working hours from 8 to 6 hours."
全球钻石供应或将减少30%
Global Diamond Supply May Decrease by 30%
今年早些时候，美国将俄罗斯国有企业埃罗莎公司列入制裁名单。该公司：
Earlier this year, the U.S. placed Russian state-owned Alrosa on its sanctions list. The company:
- 供应全球约三分之一的钻石
- Supplies about one-third of the world's diamonds
- 占俄罗斯钻石开采总量的90%
- Accounts for 90% of Russia's diamond production
行业专家警告，全球原石储量可能减少30%，天然钻石价格或将进一步飙升。
Industry experts warn global rough diamond reserves may decrease by 30%, and natural diamond prices may soar further.
来源：央视财经
Source: CCTV Finance
