中国鞋业面临外贸危机：降本增效寻求突围之路
5月8日，总投资约7500万元的国家鞋材及鞋产品质量监督检验中心(广东)在"中国女鞋生产基地"惠东正式揭牌成立。这是全国唯一落户在县级行政区域的国家级鞋类产品质检中心。
On May 8th, the National Footwear Material and Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Guangdong) was officially inaugurated in Huidong, known as "China's Women's Shoes Production Base". With a total investment of approximately 75 million yuan, it is the only national-level footwear inspection center located in a county-level administrative region.
然而，当前有近70%面向国外市场的惠东鞋企正面临生存挑战。海外疫情导致订单取消或延期、库存压力大、资金周转困难等问题，让刚复工的外贸鞋企遭遇二次冲击。
However, about 70% of Huidong footwear enterprises targeting overseas markets are now facing survival challenges. Issues such as order cancellations or delays, inventory pressure, and capital turnover difficulties caused by the overseas pandemic have dealt a second blow to export-oriented footwear companies that had just resumed work.
外贸鞋企的困境
Challenges Facing Export-Oriented Footwear Companies
惠东吉隆龙源鞋业老板林小虎表示："2月愁买防疫物资、3月遭遇取消订单、4月缅甸工厂停滞。"这家产品远销30多个国家的企业，目前通过银行贷款维持运营。
Lin Xiaohu, owner of Longyuan Footwear in Huidong's Jilong town, said: "In February we worried about purchasing epidemic prevention materials, in March we faced order cancellations, and in April our Myanmar factory stopped operations." This company, whose products are exported to more than 30 countries, is currently maintaining operations through bank loans.
思凯鞋业生产经理赵经理指出："仓储压力尤为严重。"外贸鞋企普遍面临库存积压问题，而转向内销又存在销售渠道和产品工艺差异的障碍。
Production manager Zhao of Sky Footwear pointed out: "Inventory pressure is particularly severe." Export-oriented footwear companies generally face inventory backlog problems, while shifting to domestic sales encounters obstacles due to differences in sales channels and product processes.
内销市场的挑战
Challenges in Domestic Market
即使是专注内销市场的鞋企也面临困境。黄埠一家内销鞋企负责人表示："国内鞋业已是一片红海，受疫情影响消费水平大幅下降。客户要求每双鞋子降价3-5元。"
Even footwear companies focusing on the domestic market face difficulties. A person in charge of a domestic sales footwear company in Huangbu said: "The domestic footwear industry has become a red ocean, and consumption levels have dropped significantly due to the epidemic. Customers are asking for price reductions of 3-5 yuan per pair of shoes."
行业加速洗牌
Industry Accelerates Reshuffle
惠东县人社局调研显示，截至4月10日，129家规上企业中已有17家停工。业内人士指出，疫情让鞋业加速洗牌，小型工厂受到的冲击更为直接。
A survey by the Huidong County Human Resources and Social Security Bureau showed that as of April 10, 17 out of 129 large-scale enterprises had suspended operations. Industry insiders pointed out that the epidemic has accelerated the reshuffle of the footwear industry, with small factories being hit more directly.
仍在开工的鞋企正通过多种方式渡过难关：
- 放慢生产节奏
- 降本增效
- 数字化转型
- 尝试直播电商等新业态
Footwear companies that are still operating are overcoming difficulties in various ways:
- Slowing down production pace
- Reducing costs and improving efficiency
- Digital transformation
- Trying new formats such as live-streaming e-commerce
政府支持措施
Government Support Measures
惠东县政府出台了一系列支持政策：
- 帮助企业解决用工难题
- 减免税费缴纳
- 降低企业融资和贷款利率
- 落实社保费阶段性减免政策
- 加快出口退税进度
The Huidong County government has introduced a series of support policies:
- Helping enterprises solve employment problems
- Reducing and exempting tax payments
- Reducing corporate financing and loan interest rates
- Implementing phased reduction and exemption of social insurance premiums
- Speeding up export tax rebates
为迎接第127届广交会，惠东县商务局还举办了线上操作培训会，通过多种形式帮助企业开拓新兴海外市场。
In preparation for the 127th Canton Fair, the Huidong County Commerce Bureau also held online operation training sessions to help companies explore new overseas markets through various formats.
面对这场前所未有的挑战，惠东鞋企正在政府支持下，通过降本增效、数字化转型等方式寻求突围之路。
Facing this unprecedented challenge, Huidong footwear companies are seeking breakthrough paths through cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and digital transformation with government support.
