Replace flake8 with ruff (TheAlgorithms#8184)

Author: cclauss

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -81,11 +81,11 @@ We want your work to be readable by others; therefore, we encourage you to note
  black .
  ```
 
-- All submissions will need to pass the test `flake8 . --ignore=E203,W503 --max-line-length=88` before they will be accepted so if possible, try this test locally on your Python file(s) before submitting your pull request.
+- All submissions will need to pass the test `ruff .` before they will be accepted so if possible, try this test locally on your Python file(s) before submitting your pull request.
 
  ```bash
- python3 -m pip install flake8 # only required the first time
- flake8 . --ignore=E203,W503 --max-line-length=88 --show-source
+ python3 -m pip install ruff # only required the first time
+ ruff .
  ```
 
 - Original code submission require docstrings or comments to describe your work.

audio_filters/equal_loudness_filter.py.broken.txt

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class EqualLoudnessFilter:
  samplerate, use with caution.
 
  Code based on matlab implementation at https://bit.ly/3eqh2HU
- (url shortened for flake8)
+ (url shortened for ruff)
 
  Target curve: https://i.imgur.com/3g2VfaM.png
  Yulewalk response: https://i.imgur.com/J9LnJ4C.png

data_structures/binary_tree/red_black_tree.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """
-python/black : true
-flake8 : passed
+psf/black : true
+ruff : passed
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 

digital_image_processing/change_contrast.py

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 This algorithm is used in
 https://noivce.pythonanywhere.com/ Python web app.
 
-python/black: True
-flake8 : True
+psf/black: True
+ruff : True
 """
 
 from PIL import Image

maths/is_square_free.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """
 References: wikipedia:square free number
-python/black : True
-flake8 : True
+psf/black : True
+ruff : True
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 

maths/mobius_function.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 """
 References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6bius_function
 References: wikipedia:square free number
-python/black : True
-flake8 : True
+psf/black : True
+ruff : True
 """
 
 from maths.is_square_free import is_square_free

other/linear_congruential_generator.py

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ class LinearCongruentialGenerator:
  """
 
  # The default value for **seed** is the result of a function call which is not
- # normally recommended and causes flake8-bugbear to raise a B008 error. However,
- # in this case, it is accptable because `LinearCongruentialGenerator.__init__()`
- # will only be called once per instance and it ensures that each instance will
- # generate a unique sequence of numbers.
+ # normally recommended and causes ruff to raise a B008 error. However, in this case,
+ # it is accptable because `LinearCongruentialGenerator.__init__()` will only be
+ # called once per instance and it ensures that each instance will generate a unique
+ # sequence of numbers.
 
  def __init__(self, multiplier, increment, modulo, seed=int(time())): # noqa: B008
  """

pyproject.toml

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ select = [ # https://beta.ruff.rs/docs/rules
  "W", # W: pycodestyle warnings
  "YTT", # YTT: year 2020
 ]
+show-source = true
 target-version = "py311"
 
 [tool.ruff.mccabe] # DO NOT INCREASE THIS VALUE

quantum/ripple_adder_classic.py

@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ def full_adder(
 
 
 # The default value for **backend** is the result of a function call which is not
-# normally recommended and causes flake8-bugbear to raise a B008 error. However,
-# in this case, this is acceptable because `Aer.get_backend()` is called when the
-# function is defined and that same backend is then reused for all function calls.
+# normally recommended and causes ruff to raise a B008 error. However, in this case,
+# this is acceptable because `Aer.get_backend()` is called when the function is defined
+# and that same backend is then reused for all function calls.
 
 
 def ripple_adder(