day-31: Getter and Setter Methods in Java - Simple Example

Getters and Setters in Java
Getters and setters are methods used to access (get) and modify (set) private variables in a class. They are a key part of encapsulation, which hides the internal state of an object and allows controlled access through methods.

Why Use Getters & Setters?

✔ Control access to private variables
✔ Add validation before setting values
✔ Make code more maintainable

Example: Person Class with Getter & Setter

public class Jewellery_shop { private int gold_rate; // Getter method (must return gold_rate) public int getGoldRate() { return gold_rate; } // Setter method public void setGoldRate(int gold_rate) { this.gold_rate = gold_rate; System.out.println("Gold Rate set to: " + gold_rate); } } public class Customer { public static void main(String[] args) { Jewellery_shop js = new Jewellery_shop(); System.out.println("Initial Gold Rate: " + js.getGoldRate()); // Set new rate js.setGoldRate(90); // Print updated rate System.out.println("Updated Gold Rate: " + js.getGoldRate()); } } 

Best Practices / Rules for Getters and Setters:
✅ Naming Convention:
Getter: getVariableName()
Setter: setVariableName(Type value)

✅ Return Type:
Getter: Should return the variable (not void)
Setter: Should be void and accept one parameter

✅ Encapsulation Rule:
Keep your variables private
Access them via public getters and setters

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