A Go module is a collection of Go packages stored in a directory with a go.mod file at its root. This file defines the module’s path and its dependencies. It allows developers to version, upgrade, and manage dependencies cleanly.
Key Files
go.mod: Contains the module name, Go version, and required dependencies with their versions.
go.sum: Maintains checksums to verify the integrity of modules used.
Basic Commands
go mod init : Initializes a new module.
go get @: Adds or updates a dependency.
go mod tidy: Cleans up unused dependencies and adds missing ones.
go build / go run / go test: Automatically resolves and uses modules.
Benefits
- No need for GOPATH.
- Clear version control and reproducibility.
- Easier to work across multiple projects.
Example
go mod init github.com/username/myproject go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin@v1.9.0 This will create a go.mod file and fetch the specified version of the Gin web framework.
Go Modules make dependency management in Go modern and efficient, especially important as projects grow in complexity.
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