Constructors in C#

What is a Constructor?
A constructor is a special method in a class or struct that gets called automatically when an instance of the object is created. It initializes the object and sets up its initial state.

Basic syntax:

public class Car { public string Model; // Constructor public Car() { Model = "Audi"; } } 

Types of constructors available in C#.

Default Constructor

A default constructor is one that takes no parameters. If you don't define any constructor, C# provides a default constructor automatically.

Example:

public class Person { public string Name; // Default constructor public Person() { Name = "Test"; } } 

Use Case:

Initialize default values when the object is instantiated.

Parameterized Constructor

A parameterized constructor allows you to _pass parameters _when creating an object. This helps initialize an object with custom values.

Example:

public class Person { public string Name; public int Age; // Parameterized constructor public Person(string name, int age) { Name = name; Age = age; } } 

Use Case:

Provides flexibility to initialize objects with different values.

Copy Constructor

A copy constructor creates a new object by copying data from an existing object of the same class.

Example:

public class Product { public string Name; public double Price; // Copy constructor public Product(Product p) { this.Name = p.Name; this.Price = p.Price; } } 

Use Case:

Useful in cloning objects.

Static Constructor

A static constructor is used to initialize static data members _of a class or to perform actions that only need to happen once.
Automatically _called once, before the first instance is created or any static members are accessed.

Example:

public class Logger { static Logger() { Console.WriteLine("Logger Initialized"); } } 

Use Case:

Initialize static fields, set up logging, read configuration files, etc.

📌 Key Notes:

• No parameters
• No access modifiers
• Executes once before the first object or static member is accessed

Private Constructor

A private constructor restricts the instantiation of a class from outside. It is commonly used in singleton patterns or_ static classes_.

Example:

public class Configuration { private Configuration() { // Prevent external instantiation } } 

Use Case:

Prevent object creation; enforce controlled access via static members.

Constructor Overloading

C# allows constructor overloading, which means a class can have multiple constructors with different parameter lists.

Example:

public class Rectangle { public int Width; public int Height; public Rectangle() { Width = 10; Height = 20; } public Rectangle(int width, int height) { Width = width; Height = height; } } 

Use Case:

Provide flexibility in object creation.

Happy coding! 👨‍💻👩‍💻