Day 6: Learning Conditionals – The Building Blocks of Logic

*Day 6 of my C++ journey was all about conditionals, the decision-makers of programming. I explored if, else, else if, and switch statements to handle different scenarios based on conditions. *

1. If Statement
Challenge:

Write a program that checks if the user wants to order Green Tea. If the user types “Green Tea,” the program should confirm their order.

#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main(){ string order; cout << "What would you like to order? "; getline(cin, order); if(order == "Green Tea"){ cout << "Your Order For Green Tea is placed!" << endl; } return 0; } 

Going through the code:

• The stringorder; line declares a variable named order of typestring and does not assign a value to it.

• The cout << "What would you like to order? ";line prints the string "What would you like to order? " to the console.

• Thegetline(cin, order); line reads a line of input from the console and assigns it to the order variable.

• Theif(order == "Green Tea") line starts an if statement that checks if the order variable is equal to the string “Green Tea”.

• Thecout << "Your Order For Green Tea is placed!" << endl; line prints the string "Your Order For Green Tea is placed!" followed by a newline character to the console.

-return 0; line indicates that the program has finished executing and returns a value of 0. It can return any value, but in this case, we are returning 0 as this is the exit code for a successful program execution.

2. If-Else Statement
Challenge:
Write a program that checks if a tea shop is open. If the current hour (input by the user) is between 8 AM and 6 PM, the shop is open; otherwise, it’s closed.

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ int hour; cout << "Enter the current hour (0-23):"; cin >> hour; if ( hour >= 8 && hour <= 18){ cout << "The Shop is open" << endl; } else{ cout << "The Shop is closed" << endl; } return 0; } 

Going through the code:

• The int hour;line declares a variable named hour of type intand does not assign a value to it.

• The cout << "Enter the current hour (0-23): "; line prints the string “Enter the current hour (0-23): ” to the console.

• The cin >> hour; line reads an integer from the console and assigns it to thehour variable.

• The if(hour >= 8 && hour <= 18) line starts an if statement that checks if the hour variable is greater than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 18.

• The cout << "The shop is Open" << endl; line prints the string “Tea shop is OPEN!” followed by a newline character to the console.

• The else { line starts an else block that is executed if the if statement is false.

• The cout << "The shop is closed" << endl;line prints the string "The shop is closed"followed by a newline character to the console.

• return 0;line indicates that the program has finished executing and returns a value of 0. It can return any value, but in this case, we are returning 0 as this is the exit code for a successful program execution.

3. Nested If-Else
Challenge:

A tea shop offers discounts based on the number of tea cups ordered. Write a program that checks the number of cups ordered and applies a discount:* More than 20 cups:

• 20% discount
• Between 10 and 20 cups: 10% discount
• Less than 10 cups: No discount

#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ int cups; double pricePerCup = 2.5, totalPrice, discountedPrice ; cout << "Enter the number of tea cups you want :" << endl; cin >> cups; totalPrice = cups * pricePerCup; if( cups > 20 ){ discountedPrice = totalPrice - (totalPrice * 0.20); cout << "You have ordered " << cups << " cups you are eligible for 20% discount" << endl ; cout << "Original Price\t" << totalPrice << endl << "Discounted Price\t" << discountedPrice << endl ; }else if( cups >= 10 && cups <= 20){ discountedPrice = totalPrice - (totalPrice * 0.10); cout << "You have ordered\t" << cups << "\tcups you are eligible for 10% discount" << endl ; cout << "Original Price\t" << totalPrice << endl << "Discounted Price\t" << discountedPrice << endl ; }else{ cout << "You are not eligible for a discount" << endl; } return 0; } 

4. Switch Case
Challenge:

Write a program that lets the user select a tea type from a menu. Use a switch statement to display the price based on the selected tea:

• Green Tea: $2
• Black Tea: $4
• Oolong Tea: $10
• Chamoline Tea : $15

#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main(){ int choice; double price; cout << "Select your tea \n"; cout << "1. Green Tea \n"; cout << "2. Black Tea \n"; cout << "3. Oolong Tea \n"; cout << "4. Chamoline Tea \n"; cout << "Enter your choice in number: \n"; cin >> choice; switch(choice){ case 1 : price = 2.0 ; cout << "You have selected Green Tea. Price: $" << price << endl ; break; case 2 : price = 4.0 ; cout << "You have selected Black Tea. Price: $" << price << endl ; break; case 3 : price = 10.0 ; cout << "You have selected Oolong Tea. Price: $" << price << endl ; break; case 4 : price = 15.0 ; cout << "You have selected Chamoline Tea. Price: $" << price << endl ; break; default : cout << "Invalid Choice!!" << endl ; break; } return 0; }