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Temkin Mengsitu
Temkin Mengsitu

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How to Test Django, Django Rest-Framework, and Djoser

#django #djoser #python #backend

In this blog post we are gonna see, how to test djoser while you are using email activation for your users.

Requirements

  • you are already using djoser inside your application.

So you are using django, django restframework and djoser with email activation but having hard time to test the authentication ? well let's fix that problem in a bit.

First of all we need to do is separate our settings file into production, development and testing. The structure looks like this

settings/ __init__.py base.py production.py development.py testing.py
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The first thing we should do is create a folder inside your main project called settings. Careful with the name of the folder it should be exactly the same as settings.py but without the .py.

Next we create the below files

__init__.py base.py production.py development.py testing.py
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these files are just used as the name suggested in development the django settings use the development.py while testing it uses testing.py and so on.

Now let's copy the common settings for all of the project into the base.py. This is up to you to identify what is common for all of the project.

In my case, for base.py i put the following

BASE_DIR SECRET_KEY # read from environment variable INSTALLED_APPS MIDDLEWARE ROOT_URLCONF TEMPLATES WSGI_APPLICATION AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS LANGUAGE_CODE TIME_ZONE USE_I18N USE_TZ STATIC_URL DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD AUTH_USER_MODEL # emial related parameter are read from env in my case EMAIL_BACKEND EMAIL_HOST EMAIL_PORT EMAIL_HOST_USER EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD EMAIL_USE_TLS REST_FRAMEWORK # depends on your choice of drf settings DJOSER # common setting only we will extend it in other files
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for production.py

from .base import * DEBUG = False ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['yoursite.com'] # up to you choice what to allow DATABASES # i use different db for prod DJOSER.update({ .... }) # i use different conf for prod
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for development.py

from .base import * DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] # up to you choice what to allow DATABASES # i use different db for dev DJOSER.update({ .... }) # i use different conf for dev
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for testing.py will see this file in detail but for now

from .base import * DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] # up to you choice what to allow EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend' DATABASES # i use different db for test DJOSER.update({ .... }) # i use different conf for test
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Now the last file is the __init__.py
this file load dynamically the settings

import os from . import base enviroment = os.environ.get('ENVIROMENT', 'development') if enviroment == 'production': from .production import * elif enviroment == 'testing': from .testing import * else: from .development import *
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Djoser uses different serializer class for different purpose but we only focus on Email serialzers check out the docs

So now let's write the testing.py file.

from .base import * DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*'] EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend' DATABASES = { # 'default': { # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), # } # for postgresql: i use postgres 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql', 'NAME': 'djoser', 'USER': 'djoser', 'PASSWORD': 'djoser', 'HOST': 'localhost', 'PORT': '5432', } # for mysql: # 'default': { # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', # 'NAME': 'djoser', # 'USER': 'djoser', # 'PASSWORD': 'djoser', # 'HOST': 'localhost', # 'PORT': '3306', # } } DJOSER_EMAIL = { 'activation': 'your-authentication-app.email.ActivationEmail' } if 'EMAIL' in DJOSER: DJOSER['EMAIL'].update(DJOSER_EMAIL) else: DJOSER['EMAIL'] = DJOSER_EMAIL
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if you notice in the

DJOSER_EMAIL = { 'activation': 'your-authentication-app.email.ActivationEmail' }
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we override the email activation serializer with your-authentication-app.email.ActivationEmail but it doesn't exist yet so let's create that now.

in your authentication app create a file called email.py and put the below serializer and let's talk about it.

from django.contrib.auth.tokens import default_token_generator # djoser imports from templated_mail.mail import BaseEmailMessage from djoser import utils from djoser.conf import settings EMAILS = {} class ActivationEmail(BaseEmailMessage): """Email Activation Token Generator """ template_name = "email/activation.html" def get_context_data(self): # ActivationEmail can be deleted context = super().get_context_data() user = context.get("user") context["uid"] = utils.encode_uid(user.pk) context["token"] = default_token_generator.make_token(user) context["url"] = settings.ACTIVATION_URL.format(**context) uid, token = context['uid'], context['token'] # here we store all the requested tokens in a dictionary for later use EMAILS[user.email] = {'uid': uid, 'token': token} return context
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The only thing we add from the djoser serializer is

EMAIL = {} ... EMAILS[user.email] = {'uid': uid, 'token': token}
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These are used to store email sent from our server.

NOTE: we are using EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend' because while testing we dont want django to send actual emails.

Now we are going to test our users. Here are some cases to test but in the mean time it is up yourself what to test

from django.urls import reverse from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model from rest_framework import status from rest_framework.test import APITestCase User = get_user_model() class UserViewSetTest(APITestCase): def setUp(self): """ Set up method which is used to initialize before any test run. """ self.user_info = self.generate_user_info() def generate_user_info(self): """Generate user data for new user. Returns: Dict: dictionary of the test user data. """ return { "first_name": "fake.first_name()", "last_name": "fake.last_name()", "username": "fake.user_name()", "password": "fake.password()", } def test_create_user(self): """ Test for creating users using API. """ url = reverse("user-list") response = self.client.post( url, self.user_info, ) self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED) user = User.objects.get(id=response.data['id']) self.assertEqual(user.email, self.user_info["email"]) self.assertEqual(user.username, self.user_info["username"]) # self.assertEqual(user.ssn, self.user_info["ssn"]) self.assertTrue(user.password is not self.user_info["password"]) self.assertTrue(user.is_deleted is not True) self.assertTrue(user.father_first_name is None) self.assertTrue(user.mother_first_name is None) self.assertTrue(user.password is not None) self.assertTrue(user.birth_date is not None) def test_get_token(self): """ This test is used to test the login API. getting token and testing the token. """ # Create a new user to login user_info = self.generate_user_info() new_user = self.client.post( reverse("user-list"), user_info, ) self.assertEqual(new_user.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED) # Activation of User from authentications.email import EMAILS activation_url = reverse('user-activation') activation_data = EMAILS[user_info["email"]] self.client.post(activation_url, activation_data) url = reverse("jwt-create") data = { "username": user_info["username"], "password": user_info["password"], } response = self.client.post(url, data) self.assertTrue(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK) self.assertTrue(response.data["access"] is not None) def test_get_user(self): """ This test for retrieving single user using API. """ # Create a new user to login new_user = self.client.post( reverse("user-list"), self.user_info, ) self.assertEqual(new_user.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED) # Activate User from authentications.email import EMAILS activation_url = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/auth/users/activation/" activation_data = EMAILS[self.user_info["email"]] self.client.post(activation_url, activation_data) # Get token url = reverse("jwt-create") data = { "username": self.user_info["username"], "password": self.user_info["password"], } response = self.client.post(url, data) self.assertTrue(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK) # Get user token = response.data["access"] self.client.credentials(HTTP_AUTHORIZATION=f"JWT {token}") url = reverse('user-list', kwargs={'id':new_user.data["id"]}) get_user = self.client.get(url) self.assertEqual(get_user.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK) self.assertEqual(get_user.data["id"], new_user.data["id"]) self.assertEqual(get_user.data["email"], new_user.data["email"]) test_user = self.client.post( reverse("user-list"), self.generate_user_info(), ) url = url = reverse('user-list', kwargs={'id': test_user.data['id'] }) get_user = self.client.get(url) self.assertEqual(get_user.status_code, status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
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There is different kind of test in the above take what you prefer to test but the main purpose of this blog is to let you know how to test djoser with email activation on.

Hope it helps you.

Enjoy.

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