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Blackmare01wolf
Blackmare01wolf

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Snake Game with Tkinter

#python #programming #beginners #discuss

Introduction

The classic Snake Game is a simple yet popular game where a snake moves around the screen, eats food, and grows in length. The player must avoid crashing into walls or the snake’s own body. This game is perfect for learning:

  • GUI programming (using Tkinter)
  • Basic game loops
  • Keyboard event handling
  • Collision detection
  • Simple animation

We’ll build a basic version using Python’s Tkinter library.

How it Works

We use Tkinter’s Canvas widget to draw the game grid.

  • The snake is a list of square “segments.”
  • The snake moves automatically in a direction, controlled by arrow keys.

  • Food randomly appears on the grid.

  • If the snake eats food:

  1. The snake grows longer.
  2. The score increases.
  • If the snake collides with:
  1. The wall
  2. Itself
  3. → the game ends.

Code

Below is a fully working Snake Game in Tkinter:

import tkinter as tk import random # -------------------------- # Game configuration # --------------------------  GAME_WIDTH = 600 GAME_HEIGHT = 600 SPEED = 100 # Lower is faster SPACE_SIZE = 20 # Size of each segment BODY_PARTS = 3 SNAKE_COLOR = "#00FF00" FOOD_COLOR = "#FF0000" BACKGROUND_COLOR = "#000000" # -------------------------- # Snake class # --------------------------  class Snake: def __init__(self): self.body_size = BODY_PARTS self.coordinates = [] self.squares = [] for i in range(0, BODY_PARTS): self.coordinates.append([0, 0]) for x, y in self.coordinates: square = canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + SPACE_SIZE, y + SPACE_SIZE, fill=SNAKE_COLOR, tag="snake") self.squares.append(square) # -------------------------- # Food class # --------------------------  class Food: def __init__(self): x = random.randint(0, (GAME_WIDTH // SPACE_SIZE) - 1) * SPACE_SIZE y = random.randint(0, (GAME_HEIGHT // SPACE_SIZE) - 1) * SPACE_SIZE self.coordinates = [x, y] canvas.create_oval(x, y, x + SPACE_SIZE, y + SPACE_SIZE, fill=FOOD_COLOR, tag="food") # -------------------------- # Functions # --------------------------  def next_turn(snake, food): x, y = snake.coordinates[0] if direction == "up": y -= SPACE_SIZE elif direction == "down": y += SPACE_SIZE elif direction == "left": x -= SPACE_SIZE elif direction == "right": x += SPACE_SIZE # Add new head segment  snake.coordinates.insert(0, (x, y)) square = canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + SPACE_SIZE, y + SPACE_SIZE, fill=SNAKE_COLOR) snake.squares.insert(0, square) if x == food.coordinates[0] and y == food.coordinates[1]: global score score += 1 label.config(text="Score:{}".format(score)) canvas.delete("food") food = Food() else: # Remove the tail segment  del snake.coordinates[-1] canvas.delete(snake.squares[-1]) del snake.squares[-1] if check_collisions(snake): game_over() else: window.after(SPEED, next_turn, snake, food) def change_direction(new_direction): global direction if new_direction == 'left' and direction != 'right': direction = new_direction elif new_direction == 'right' and direction != 'left': direction = new_direction elif new_direction == 'up' and direction != 'down': direction = new_direction elif new_direction == 'down' and direction != 'up': direction = new_direction def check_collisions(snake): x, y = snake.coordinates[0] # Check walls  if x < 0 or x >= GAME_WIDTH: return True if y < 0 or y >= GAME_HEIGHT: return True # Check self collision  for body_part in snake.coordinates[1:]: if x == body_part[0] and y == body_part[1]: return True return False def game_over(): canvas.delete(tk.ALL) canvas.create_text(canvas.winfo_width() / 2, canvas.winfo_height() / 2, font=('consolas', 40), text="GAME OVER", fill="red", tag="gameover") # -------------------------- # Main Program # --------------------------  window = tk.Tk() window.title("Snake Game") window.resizable(False, False) score = 0 direction = 'down' label = tk.Label(window, text="Score:{}".format(score), font=('consolas', 20)) label.pack() canvas = tk.Canvas(window, bg=BACKGROUND_COLOR, height=GAME_HEIGHT, width=GAME_WIDTH) canvas.pack() window.update() # Center the window on the screen window_width = window.winfo_width() window_height = window.winfo_height() screen_width = window.winfo_screenwidth() screen_height = window.winfo_screenheight() x = int((screen_width/2) - (window_width/2)) y = int((screen_height/2) - (window_height/2)) window.geometry(f"{window_width}x{window_height}+{x}+{y}") snake = Snake() food = Food() window.bind('<Left>', lambda event: change_direction('left')) window.bind('<Right>', lambda event: change_direction('right')) window.bind('<Up>', lambda event: change_direction('up')) window.bind('<Down>', lambda event: change_direction('down')) next_turn(snake, food) window.mainloop()
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Conclusion

The Snake Game project is a great way to learn Python’s Tkinter library and fundamental programming concepts like:

  • GUI design
  • Event handling (keyboard input)
  • Animation using the game loop
  • Collision detection
  • Working with classes and objects

Even though it’s a simple game, it introduces important ideas used in larger applications and games. You can expand this project further by:

  • Adding levels or obstacles
  • Creating a high-score system
  • Changing graphics or themes
  • Improving game speed and difficulty
  • Adding sound effects

Building games like Snake is not only fun but also sharpens your coding and problem-solving skills. Keep experimenting and enhancing your project!

Happy coding! 🚀

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